Art as Expression Essay

The question of what art is cannot be properly answered without asking why art is. Prior to the advent of the written language, art was used as a means of communication, and in some ways, written language is in its own regard, art. Art, then, must be an expression of meaning by the artist, or potentially by the client that artist created the artwork for, but this assumption is altogether too broad. Art is not exclusively a private expression because it is left open to interpretation by the individual who looks upon it, and as such art can then be categorized as the representation through a variety of mediums, of whatever the beholder or artist thinks it should be. Which poses a greater question – is something art if the individual who designed it had no intended message? Or visa versa – is something art if the consumer of the artform does not perceive any message? I was at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art about a two years ago, and they had some very abstract pieces on display, all of which brought forth in me at least some semblance of a response, except for a piece by Robert Rauschenberg, call White Painting [three panel], that began a philosophical debate between my brother and I because I refused to call the â€Å"painting† art. To me, there was no way to interpret the three panels of white, they were simply empty canvases that Rauschenberg sold for substantially more than he bought them for. No soul, or emotion went into the piece and as I understand art, that does not qualify as any more than a man playing a abstraction crazy consumer culture for the fool. To backtrack, art in my eyes is the true expression of an artist to the consumer, for the purpose of provocation; art has to make something well up in a person, even if it is not enjoyment, even if it is sorrow, or anger. Art is the way we have always talked to each other as people, and the pure aesthetic painters and songwriters of the last century do not produce art. Art is emotion and passion mixing into something for others to partake in; there is no private art, there is only art that no one else has applied their own perceptions to yet.

Racial Formations: Reflection and Analysis

I am, without a doubt, completely uncomfortable discussing race. In fact, it is among my least favorite things to do. I mostly feel as if I do not know how to discuss race without offending someone, using the wrong word, revealing my ignorance about many issues within the topic, changing my mind about a certain belief midstream, or just generally looking like a fool. I avoid these discussions at all costs because they put me in a place I am rarely ready to be. So, naturally, this reading struck a chord with me before it actually even began. I related instantly and wholeheartedly to the question raised in the introduction: â€Å"If race is not ‘real’ in a scientific sense, why can I look around my classroom or campus and see that someone is black or Asian or white? † This quandary has plagued me for years. It seemed to me that race had to be more than a social construction established centuries ago. It had never really made sense to me, and this question established a personal connection for me to Omi and Winant’s subsequent explanation of this perplexing notion. The authors’ explanation of the history of race consciousness certainly helped me in my quest for answers and gave me a much clearer understanding of the origins of race consciousness. I could imagine the European settlers’ surprise upon discovering theirs was not the only existing race, thus challenging essentially every religious belief they held about creation. They could not explain this difference, and, as human beings devout in their religion, that was unacceptable. They needed explanation, and they needed to find it in the Bible. It is not difficult to relate to the anxiety and uncertainty they experienced. People of all religions seem to spend much of their practice justifying what happens in their lives — both good and bad — within their particular religious texts. We take scripture, verses, lines, chapter, and so on and make it fit into what makes sense for us or, in many cases, make it work to our advantage so that we can cope with what we do not understand or agree with. Having established how race consciousness came to be in the first place, Omi nd Winant address how race became a social concept, the issue at the heart of my original conundrum. As I read about hypodescent and beliefs about racial intermixture, I started to understand. The authors’ use of Marvin Harris’ work further established this understanding, particularly Harris’ statement, â€Å"†¦ The rule of hypodescent is, therefore, an invention, which we in the United States have made in order to keep b iological facts from intruding into our collective racist fantasies† (11). That was it. This eighteenth-century way of thinking was a continuance of the European settlers’ need to justify certain behaviors. They may not have been using the Bible to do so, but the creators of hypodescent were merely creating a belief to help them get through the social structure they had established and accepted. Now that I have a much better understanding of race as nothing more than a social construct, I suppose my issue is not entirely with those European settlers and not with inventors of outlandish notions about â€Å"Negro blood† but rather with current society. We are now at a point that we should know better. We should know that no one race is superior. We should know that â€Å"white† is hardly â€Å"pure† and certainly does not equal â€Å"better† simply because it is â€Å"white. † We have more than enough information to move beyond these ways of thinking and into a new era in which we are able to, as Omi and Winant state at the end of the writing, â€Å"break with these habits of thought† (15).

Mother Tongue Essay

Society often influences the identity of an individual through different factors, one of which is language. â€Å"The power of language can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth† (FYR: 84). Language is used daily in our lives, and therefore plays a significant role in shaping our identity. The narrative â€Å"Mother Tongue† depicts the variations of the English language, and the nature of talk. Amy Tan also shares the story of her mother’s â€Å"broken† English and how this limited her perception of hers mother’s communication with others. Language can be developed both through environment, and one’s personal experiences. The power of language is essential in the way we express and communicate with one another. We all grow up surrounded by different forms of English speaking, which is due to the atmosphere we are raised in. As denoted in the narrative Amy Tan says â€Å"But I do think that the language spoken in family, especially in immigrant families which is more insular, plays a large role in shaping the language of the child†. (FYR: 87) Coming from an immigrant family myself I can concur with the opinion of Amy Tan. My mother like that of Amy Tan speaks â€Å"broken† English and I too am so accustomed to it, I have no trouble understanding her. However, all do not understand my mother’s language since it’s not the â€Å"proper† fluent English many people are familiar with. My mother is at disadvantage to obtain equal opportunities and services due to the language barrier society impose. My relationship with my mother at home perhaps adds to the difficulty she has when speaking English. Instead of helping my mother improve her English I become impatient and tell her â€Å" mom forget it, you’re not pronouncing it right† and begin speaking to her in Spanish. Holding back from speaking English with my mother will not help her progress from her â€Å"broken† English and it is selfish of me to do so. I want my mother to be able to progress so she can be able to defend herself from all the assumptions that surround being a middle class Hispanic woman. My mother has come a long way breaking down several barriers and I am sure language will be no exception. Perhaps, my mothers English will not be impeccable, but I admire her everything else she has excelled in. Therefore, I am not ashamed of my mother English because she embraces it in a way that is suitable and convenient to her. It is very difficult to speak only one form of English when your audience varies from time to time. We have different ways when approaching family, friends, and professors, which depicts our commitment to diversity. If we all spoke the same way toward everyone it would take away from our identity. As Amy Tan share â€Å"I happen to be rebellious in nature and enjoy the challenge of disproving assumptions made about me†(FYR: 88). Her motivation allows us believe that breaking away from the norms soc to envision ourselves breaking away from the norms society This was a very motivating quote for me because it allows me see that breaking from the norms society has for you is achievable. Our identity is shaped around qualities that make us feel accepted in society. Language is a daily tool used differently amongst one another in order to communicate. Our nature of talk characters the way we see, express, and make sense of the world. Language should not be an obstacle between one another’s communication; instead it should be an opportunity to learn about the diverse tongues in this world. Although all tongues are distinct from one another, it ultimately helps us embrace our true identities or as Amy Tans will refer to it our â€Å"mother tongue†.

4 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

4 questions - Essay Example The author was trying to argue that taste and behavior do not necessarily emerge from structural positions rather individuals ascribe these features to socioeconomic positions to best accommodate the needs of the situations (For example vastly different tastes from people one wants to distance oneself from and similar tastes for people who they find similar). Whilst the author’s arguments are indeed convincing it still remains that much of the information gathered and analyzed is still based on personal observations and are still subject to observer biases. For this question we were requested to read Dà ¶rnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics and this text them back to what we have learned regarding quan/qual research. Dà ¶rnyei stated that the different nature of qualitative and quantitative research is in the fact that the latter refers to researchers who define the variables that they work with well in advance and assign numeric measurements to the variables so that this data can be codified and analyzed. Qualitative research is different insofar as the data is not necessarily numeric rather it can be verbal and as such the issue can be more flexible for investigation. In relation to research questions and hypothesis it can be the case that if the issue that one is going to research relies heavily on topics such as human interaction it may be the case that a qualitative approach could be utilized however if it is the case that something less reliant on human emotions or interactions one could utilize a quantitat ive approach. Moreover it can be the case that a mixed approach could be utilized for complex issues. In some respects the questionnaire is good insofar as the first question â€Å"Do you use fast-food services in the area† quickly identifies whether or not the interviewee is a suitable candidate (Presumibly if they

Learning experiences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning experiences - Essay Example Today the world is very competitive. Communication plays a significant role in today’s global context. A large number of big business deals take place all over the world any given day. It can be seen that English language occupies the front lines of communication. English is absolutely an extensively used world language. English is the official language for so many international organizations such as United Nations, International Olympic Committee etc. I have gained good experience while attending the general education English classes. This course was of great help to me to move up to the next level. The general English classes contain phonology, consonants, grammar, and vocabulary. In English part I one will come across a clear and brief review of English grammar such as its different forms, basic vocabulary and basic principles. The subject is taught in a non-technical language and in simple, ordinary steps, starting with the formation of simple sentences and followed by the different parts of speech and other fundamentals to the more complex creations. Grammar is very much necessary in the daily work of many pupils who use English language extensively. Language is considered as a tool for communication. If you do not apply grammar you will not be able to use the tool properly. So it is very essential for you to speak with correct grammar. This class teaches the basic principles of English grammar which will be useful for applying in English 11. These classes cover topics like the sentence, kinds of sentences, simple subject and verb, compound construction, complements, prepositional phrases, parts of speech, forms and properties of verbs, verbal nouns, pronouns, appositives, adjectives, adverb, prepositions, conjunctions, clauses and subordinate clauses. Apart from grammatical skill this class has enriched other areas like literacy skill, writing skill, fluency skills, reading skills as

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Leadership - Essay Example There are also positive indications that organizations that are rated highly on diversity are also rated high on other measures of organizational success. (Winston, 2001). Once the diversity and its related issues are identified and acknowledged, the organization can move on to develop systems to co-ordinate and turn diversity into its competitive advantage. One such system, that is perhaps the most crucial one for the entire process to work, is of leadership. There are however, two fold links between leadership and diversity that must be given due consideration. The first arises (as we’ll see in the following paragraphs), due to the fact that it is extremely relevant that leaders and managers acknowledge diversity of the workforce and also, and that they are trained in their approach to direct a diverse people. The second link is due the growing need to encourage more leaders from among those who come with a diverse background. The first issue is pertinent as many of the leadership theories postulate that the leaders’ social skills, intelligence, attitudes, and traits like decisiveness and self-confidence, play a crucial role in his ability to motivate and lead. (Stogdill,1974). Other theories, like the contingency theories, also put forward the ability of the leaders to adjust to the situation and to adapt a flexible approach – an approach that is perhaps the most required one for leading a diverse workforce.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is especially true in the light that people working together in teams, are required to share healthy working relationships, and to complement each other’s skills. The link between diversity and leadership can be identified by the fact that a leader’s task becomes important in a diversity environment, as he is required to keep heterogeneous teams motivated to work together and to stimulate synergistic outputs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Secondly, a point to note here is that there is a need to encourage leaders from diverse

Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists Essay

Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists - Essay Example The essay "Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists" compares three paintings of David by such artists as Donatello, Michelangelo and Bernini. The most prominent similarity in the three art pieces is the nudity of the subject. Donatello and Michelangelo’s works shamelessly show even the private parts of their subject. Donatello shows David holding Goliath’s sword which he used to cut the head of the giant which he was standing on. He wears sandals and a helmet but his body is not covered at all. Seen on the front, the details of his body are obvious. A viewer can see David’s testicles and his well-built body. The details on his face draw curiosity from viewers because he seems to be looking far with deep thoughts. Michelangelo on the other hand pictures his subject with more details. He is also standing tall and nude but unlike Donatello’s sculpture, the second David has no covering on his feet or head. Michelangelo made more intricate details in his artwork that it seems very real. For instance, the muscular arms show evident veins, the abdomen and chest are well-chiseled to show a natural look. In addition, the face is also very detailed so as to show the facial expression of the subject. Bernini on the other hand covered the private part of his figure. His David is not simply standing but is shown to be in action, almost ready to fight Goliath with a slingshot. On the front view, part of his back is seen and his chest is covered as he positions himself to shoot his enemy.

Criminal Justice Discussion2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Criminal Justice Discussion2 - Essay Example e judge responsible for the case can understand the events of that day by watching the video since the criminal does not want to agree to the accusations (Garland 20). The one offended on the other hand had died hence making that to be the only available evidence. The evidence can be allowed as it clearly indicates what had happened on that day. The problem could be the person to prove the truth behind the tape as the woman was dead. This indicates that the case cannot be called off just because the victim is dead but it can still go on in order to find out the truth with the little evidence available (Garland 20). With the current technology, the witnesses do not have to be present in person in order to prove their case right but the court can use the available evidence and argue from it. This will serve as a vital step in raising the public confidence in the legal section. It is therefore right if the courts went ahead to accuse the victim using the

The use of covert human information sources within an investigation Essay

The use of covert human information sources within an investigation - Essay Example CHISs use different methods of surveillance to obtain intelligence or information from the targets such as interception of their communication, communications data, or â€Å"directed and intrusive surveillance† (Freedom from Suspicion: Surveillance Reform for a Digital Age, 2011, p.18). While directed surveillance does not involve any intrusion on one’s private property, the latter involves the same and security forces may use methods such as tapping of telephone, or fitting of electronic devices etc for surveillance of the premises. Law enforcement agencies also use technology for collecting intelligence from their sources or targets. However, when a suspect is not actually involved in any complicity, the security forces come under criticism for violation of privacy. Human beings must have the right to privacy and it is in the â€Å"collective interest† of all citizens to maintain a â€Å"society in which personal privacy is protected† (p.20). Therefore, the governments of nations have a responsibility to ensure that only in cases where the national security has a chance of being breached, they should endorse the use of CHIS. In the modern world, criminal activities, especially terrorism, have risen to such a high magnitude that countries are forced to implement stringent preventive policies for maintaining law and order. Under the scenario, the deployment of CHIS to obtain relevant intelligence has assumed considerable priority. This is especially relevant in the case of countries like the US, UK, India etc, which are prime targets for terrorist groups as can be evidenced from the WTC, London Bombings and Mumbai terror strikes.... In the modern world, criminal activities, especially terrorism, have risen to such a high magnitude that countries are forced to implement stringent preventive policies for maintaining law and order. Under the scenario, the deployment of CHIS to obtain relevant intelligence has assumed considerable priority. This is especially relevant in the case of countries like the US, UK, India etc, which are prime targets for terrorist groups as can be evidenced from the WTC, London Bombings, and Mumbai terror strikes. On the other hand, as stated earlier, countries also have a responsibility to ensure that the right to privacy of their citizens remains protected and no unwarranted intrusions occur on their private property or persons. Therefore, national governments in these countries need to exercise utmost discretion while deploying CHIS for obtaining intelligence. On the other hand, the United Arab Emirates, a country in the Middle East, constitutionally protects prohibits any â€Å"arbitr ary interference with privacy, family, home or correspondence† of their citizens.

Literature of War and Peace Essay Example for Free

Literature of War and Peace Essay Sir Winston Churchill British statesman, orator, and author who was elected prime minister twice in 1940s and 1950s. He is regarded as one of the finest military leaders in history and is credited to rallying the moral of the British people during world war two and leading them from the brink of defeat to victory against the axis powers. How he did this was not only though his leadership but arguably through his speeches as well, one of Churchill’s greatest assets was his words and how he used them to inspire and motivate his people. Despite having a lisp throughout his career He was known for his excellent speaking, the speeches he made throughout his life in particularly dark times for the British were always inspiring, while presented in a way that made them understandable to any person no matter whom they were. Now this was seen particularly in Churchill’s speech â€Å"the defence of freedom and peace† which he presented in October 16th 1938 near the start of world war two in an appeal to British and Americna public to prepare for the strong possibility of war against Nazi Germany. In the speech the defence of freedom and peace Churchill uses a variety of persuasive yet simple literary devices such as allusion, rhetorical questions, imagery and Tricolon and wording to arouse, influence and encourage American and British listeners to ready themselves for a possible war against Germany. Now prior to this speech Britain’s foreign policy regarding Nazi expansion was one of appeasement. British Prime minister Neville Chamberlain believed that Germany had been unfairly treated by the allies after its defeat in the 1st world war. His view was that Germany had sincere grievances that needed to be resolved; he also thought that by agreeing to some of the propositions being made by fascist powers Germany and Italy such as the Munich agreement than Europe could potentially avoid the outbreak of another world war. Meanwhile in the United States a combination of events such as the great depression and the losses suffered in world war one had pushed the American opinion and policy towards isolationism. Many Americans argued that the United States shouldn’t intervene in European conflicts or politics that did not concern them. Churchill however believed that not only did Nazi Germany and Facist Italy pose a threat but that the rights, traditions and fundamental beliefs of western civilization were in jeopardy and so he made it his mission to ready the British people for war and appeal to the US for aide against this threat. Now in his speech the defence of freedom and peace Churchill utilizes a number of literary devices the first of which is Allusion. Allusion is a figure of speech that makes reference to a place, person or event real or imaginary and can refer to anything which includes artist paintings, opera, mythical figures and bible passages. Churchill uses this to grab his audience’s attention and engage them into the subject while also getting his message across to them without having to go through tedious details. The first example of allusion is when he states â€Å"he (meaning Hitler) must blood his hounds and show them sport or else like Actaeon of old, be devoured by them†. Here he is referring to an ancient tale in Greek mythology Actaeon was a man who was punished by the goddess Artemis for boasting that he was a better hunter than she as a consequence she turned him into a stag, and his hounds turned on him and killed him. What Churchill is trying to get across to his audience is that if Hitler does not constantly lead his allies and soldiers to victory, they will eventually turn against him, taking his power for themselves. Allusion was further demonstrated when Churchill states to his audience that the American people wash their hands of the whole buissness.

Huge Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in Teenager

Huge Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in Teenager Abstract Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign neoplasm. The huge IMT of chest is even rarely observed and there is few literatures described the disease. Case presentation: A 17-year-old girl who suffered from a dry cough with right chest pain. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a huge heterogeneous mass with calcified plaques. A surgical management strategy was successfully undertaken. Increasing physician awareness of this entity should facilitate recognition of its clinical characteristics and laboratory findings. Conclusions: This case suggests that a rarely huge and surgically treated IMT in a teenager and concerned with the radioclinical, histopathological, therapeutic aspects of this disease. Keywords Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, Lung, Surgery Background Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign tumor that often affects children. It has been first described by Brunn in 1939 [1] and it accounts for 0.71% of all lung tumors. [2, 3]. The origin of the IMT is unknown, but recent studies have shown that it is a true tumor rather than a reaction process [4]. Different terms used to describe IMT include inflammatory pseudotumor, cellular inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma and inflammatory fibrosarcoma. This lesion consists of inflammatory cells and myofibroblastic spindle cells [5, 6]. We report a case with a rarely huge and surgically treated IMT in a teenager and concerned with the radioclinical, histopathological, therapeutic aspects of this disease. Case presentation A 17-year-old girl was referred to our hospital with a 15 days history of right chest and cough without sputum. She denied the following symptoms including the presence ofhoarseness, hemoptysis, anddyspnea. Her medical history and family history were uneventful. Physical examination revealed normal breath sounds in both of the lung fields. The results of laboratory examinations, including arterial blood gases, hematology tests and biochemistry tests, were within normal limits. Her Pulmonary function tests and cardiovascular examination revealed normal performance. Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) showed an 18Ãâ€"16Ãâ€"15 cm heterogeneous mass with calcified plaques invading the entire right hemithorax and mediastinal shift to the left (Fig 1A, 1B). However, the patient refused to have the bronchoscopic examination and fine-needle biopsy of the mass. As diagnosis was not established through imaging, surgery was scheduled. Under general anesthesia with selective intub ation, a huge mass (measuring 20Ãâ€"17Ãâ€"17 cm and weighing 2010g) with inferior vena cava and right pericardium invasion was found and the right middle and lower lobes bronchus appeared encased by the mass. At last, the neoplasm was completely excised. The patient underwent a right middle and lower lobectomy, inferior vena cava angioplasty and partial resection of pericardium. Mediastinal lymph node dissection was also accomplished. The feeding vessels of the mass were ligated and the mass was removed without tumor spillage or capsular injury. After that, reexpansion of the right upper lobe was observed and a chest tube was placed to drain the pleural cavity. A postoperative roentgenogram of the chest showed that the mediastinum had returned to its normal position and the right lung was well expanded. Microscopic examination revealed a proliferation of regular spindle cells arrayed in fascicles, admixed with lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils. Additional immunohistochemis try with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-1 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) revealed positive and the translocation of the ALK gene was found by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). The results for desmin, S-100, CD99, CD34, Myogenin, EMA and pankeratin were negative. Ki-67 proliferative activity was 8%. Based on these data, the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was retained. Histologic diagnosis showed a negative bronchial margin and lymph nodes free of malignancy. The patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery and was followed up for two months without evidence of recurrence to date. Conclusions Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare massforming lesion characterized by fibroblastic or myofibroblastic spindle cell proliferation with varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified IMT as a distinct entity in 1994 [7]. However, the huge inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of chest is even rarely observed and there is few literatures described the disease (Table). The cause of IMT tumors is unclear, but an immunological response to an infectious agent or noninfectious agent remains possible [8]. Whereas some reporters demonstrated that IMT tumors are true neoplasms and some believe the IMT tumors to be a low-grade sarcoma with inflammatory cells as it has a potential for local recurrence, infiltration, multicentricity, and rarely metastases [9]. Also, ALK positivity is detected in 36% to 60% of cases and the presence of chromosomal aberrations in these tumors suggests that IMT is a neoplastic proliferation of clonal or igin [10]. In our case, there was no evidence of infection or inflammatory response and no history of trauma in her chest. The tumor was single and circumscribed, and movable. The IMT affects both sexes, at any ages, with a slight predominance in children and young adults [4, 11]. Most patients are asymptomatic and the tumor is discovered incidentally on a chest X-ray performed for another reason [4, 11].From the table, all of the four patients were young adults and were referred to the hospital with a common symptom of cough. In our patient, the tumor was discovered at an early age and the only symptoms were dry cough and right chest pain. Radiological aspects are capricious. Chest radiographs are the most generally performed imaging study to evaluate the neoplasm. Most patients have a mass or a pulmonary nodule, generally measuring 1 to 6 cm in diameter [12]. On CT scans, these tumors shows typically heterogenous attenuating enhancement [6]. Sometimes the tumor can extend towards the hilum, mediastinum, pleura or diaphragm [1, 3]. As recorded in the table, all the sizes of masses were huge and two of them were observed the invasion of the mediastinal or the chest wall. There is also a word of caution in our case that the representative calcifications were observed in the centure of heterogeneous mass and it invaded the inferior vena cava and right pericardium. Microscopically the IMT tumor consists of spindle shaped cells that are mixed with a chronic inflammatory component that consists of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and occasional histiocytes. Immunohistochemistry for ALK discovered cytogenetic abnormalities on chromosome 2p23 is relatively specific for IMF tumor among the spectrum of fibroblastic-myofibroblastic tumors and other potential mesenchymal mimics of IMF tumor [13]. The recent WHO classification of soft tissue tumors recognizes 3 basic variants of IMT: (1) loosely organized myofibroblasts in an edematous myxoid background with plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and blood vessels, resembling nodular fasciitis; (2) dense aggregates of spindle cells arrayed in a variable myxoid and collagenized background and admixed with a distinctive inflammatory infiltrate, diffuse clusters of plasma cells, and lymphoid nodules, resembling fibrous histiocytoma or fibromatosis; and (3) collagen sheets with scattered plasma cells and eosinop hils resembling a scar or desmoid tumor [14]. The differential diagnosis of IMT is follicular dendritic cell tumor and inflammatory pseudotumor. Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS), which was first reported by Monda et al. in 1986, is a rare neoplastic proliferation that exhibits the morphological and immunophenotypic features of FDCS that are among the accessory cells of the lymphoid system. The tumor cells exhibited positive immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, CD21 and CD35 as well as negative staining for ALK-1 and SMA. Inflammatory pseudotumors are benign tumors commonly found in the lung and they are characterized by proliferation of spindle cells (fibroblasts and myoblasts), with variable numbers of mitoses, and inflammatory cells infiltration, particularly plasma cells. More recently, the presence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK 1) staining in some cases has been postulated to be of value in the confirmation of IMT and in its distinction from other entities. A series of studies found the translocation of th e ALK gene by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) in IMT (16). In our case, the mass was spindle cell lesion with severe atypism and some mitosis. As shown in Fig 2 (A, B, C), ganglion-like cells were present and the immunohistochemistry result for ALK-1 shows strong positivity of tumor cytoplasm and translocation of the ALK gene. Based on these findings, her tumor may be very aggressive. Despite IMT is a benign tumor, it is considered by some authors as a low grade tumor because of malignant features such as local invasiveness, recurrence or malignant transformation. Complete surgical resection is the appropriate treatment for IMT. Cerfolio and colleagues reported an excellent prognosis in patients undergoing complete resection of pulmonary IMT, with a 5-year survival rate of 91.3%. However, a 60% recurrence rate in those receiving incomplete resection has been reported in the same study [15]. Corticosteroid monotherapy may result in rapid resolution of the disease and sustained remission (17, 18). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) as solitary therapy may be extremely efficacious and anecdotal response to chemotherapy has also been reported (19). As the literature reviewed in the table, three patients had the operations by a standard posterolateral thoracotomy. Among them, two patients had the lobectomy and the other had the complete resection with two through fourth ribs. The patient whose neoplasm invaded superior vena cava, heart atrium and right pulmonary vein underwent chemotherapy with bleomicin, etoposide and cisplatin. After two cycles of chemotherapy, the tumorslightly reduced in size and the patient only survived for 12 months. In summary, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare benign tumor. Because of its local invasiveness and its tendency to recur, IMT tumor can be confused with malignant lesions. Because the treatment of IMT tumor is conservative surgery, preoperative recognition is important to avoid radiation therapy, and intensive multi-agent chemotherapy that would be appropriate treatments for soft tissue sarcomas. Clinical and radiological presentation is variable and nonspecific and the diagnosis is rarely made before chirurgical management. Also, because the tumor with cellular atypia, ganglion-like cells, ALK and SMA reactivity has a more aggressive clinical behavior, a careful follow-up is required. Figure legend Figure 1: CT features of the case. A and B: Contrast-enhanced CT showed a huge heterogeneous mass with calcified plaques. Figure 2: Histological and immunoistochemical features. A: Hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrating spindle cells sprinkled, with a predominance of plasma cells and lymphocytes. (X400) B: Immunohistochemical staining showing strong reactivity for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-1(X400) C: Immunohistochemical staining showing strong reactivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA) (X400) 1

Edgar Allen Poe :: essays research papers

EDGAR ALLEN POE BIOGRAPHY Edgar Allen Poe was born in 1809 in Boston. His stories were about love and sadness. He died when he was 40 years old in 1849. People said that they found him unconscious and believed him drunk. He was an excellent writer that kept people fascinated with stories. He died as he lived all his life was miserable and with out hope. It believed that he uses a drug named opium that helped him use his imagination and he uses alcohol. Those were his inspirations and his story's that were so fabulous come from there. These things were making him crazy and took him out of control. A thing that made him even more crazy is that everyone he had ever met or loved always semmed to have died from a disease called tuberculosis. This made him very depressive also. He was born to very poor family. His father was an actor that barley buy meat to eat. He was a little boy when his father abandoned him and their brothers. After that his mother got sick and few months later she died. He went to live with wealthy rich people but his father didn't want to adopt him. His father was a businessman and decided to move to England there he went to school to Manner House School. In 1820 he returned to Virginia but he couldn't afford it and decide left school. He fall in love with a neighbor her name was Elmira, but her father didn't want to accept their relationship. His stepfather criticized him about his story saying that they were workless and he decided to leave his house. He went to a military service but he realized that he like more poems than to be in the military service. He often wrote letters to Elmira unknowing that her father received the letters. She married a rich man and become a rich woman. He became heart broken and he began to write love poems. He was living with his real father, sister, muddy and her daughter. After that he married muddy's daughter at the age of 27 she was 13 years old. She became sick of tuberculosis and died at the age of 24. He didn't know how to support the family because the poems didn't give him enough money.

Technological Determinism and Modern Ideology :: Sociology Technology Essays

Technological Determinism and Modern Ideology As technology becomes increasingly advanced and literacy becomes increasingly tied to one’s use and access to technology, many questions arise about the availability of this technology. New technologies continue to develop, especially those that directly pertain to literacy or writing. The biggest problem, however, is the problem of access. Is there opportunity for equal access? When looking at computers and the Internet, this seems to be a large problem. Even with an older technology, like the telephone, many people are without access. Although there are around 600 million telephones in the world, two-thirds of the world’s population still do not use these telephones or do not have access to them (Gergen 15). So how does technological determinism affect our social ideology? Or does our social ideology affect technological determinism? I think that it works both ways. There are negative possibilities for all new technology, just as there are positive ones. Technological determinism, as defined by George Rodman is â€Å"a theory that states that the introduction of new technology changes society, sometimes in unexpected ways† (40). He goes on to tell that after the introduction of printing, our culture shifted from an oral one to one driven by writing and literacy. The coming of the â€Å"digital age† could have a similar effect. As a science fiction writer and proponent of various technologies, Douglas Adams is asked about this subject quite often: Over the last few years I’ve regularly been cornered by nervous publishers or broadcasters or journalists or filmmakers and asked about how I think computers will affect their various industries†¦But it’s a hard question to answer because it’s based on a faulty model. It’s like trying to explain to the Amazon River, the Mississippi, the Congo, and the Nile how the coming of the Atlantic Ocean will affect them. The first thing to understand is that river rules will no longer apply (117). Obviously, the advent of computers as a tool of literacy will have a huge impact on the face of literacy as it stands right now. Technological determinism seems inevitable, but the effects of the impending technologies are not as easy to predict. Depending on our society’s view of the emerging technology, it could either be used to bridge the cultural gap that exists between the income levels in our society, or to widen it.

the bell jar :: essays research papers

The book â€Å"The Bell Jar† by Silvia Plath was different from other books assigned through-out my time at high school. Most of the other books, including for example â€Å"Of Mice and Men†, Lord of the Flies†, and â€Å"The Heart of darkness† were stories about mostly men and how they all turned against each other in some way and acted like animals instead of humans, and in the end of all of them someone dies. The book â€Å"The Bell Jar† though is without a doubt my favorite so far because it is about a female and about all the pressures of everyday life that run through her head. This is something that I can relate to because I too think about some of these same worries such a as virginity, looks, and morals to name a few. I am claiming that the theme or the meaning of this book is that in order to stay sane in this world, you can’t let the pressures and worries run your actions and decisions and your life or else you will not be able to function. I feel that this is what happened to Esther. I think that these pressures to Esther are what set her over the edge and made her think the way that she did and made her think that something was wrong with her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sylvia Plath portrayed a lot of meaning in this book. The main idea and meaning that she, as a writer, was trying to portray to the reader, is to understand how the worries, burdens, and pressures of being a young, mature adult are enough to put someone, like Esther in a depression so deep that it gives the illusion to the reader that she is insane and not in touch with reality. I believe that it is a matter of her being depressed and not of her being insane because of all that is on her mind she cant think clearly which makes her seem insane because if the strange things that she talks of such as not being able to sleep or eat, or even write. I think that the author did a very good job of making her seem depressed to the point of â€Å"insanity† because of how she Esther feel like she wasn’t sleeping when really she was sleeping for hours upon hours when she was put into the institutions. At an earlier

Problems Faced by Female Teachers

gender discrimination Discrimination  is the  prejudicial  or distinguishing treatment of an individual based on his or her membership – or perceived membership – in a certain group or category. It involves the group's initial reaction or interaction, influencing the individual's actual behavior towards the group or the group leader, restricting members of one group from opportunities or privileges that are available to another group, leading to the exclusion of the individual or entities based on logical or irrational decision making.Discriminatory traditions, policies, ideas, practices, and laws exist in many countries and  institutions  in every part of the world. In some places, controversial attempts such as  racial quotas  have been used to redress negative effects of discrimination—but have sometimes been called  reverse discrimination  themselves. Though gender discrimination refers to beliefs and  attitudes  in relation to the  ge nder  of a person, such beliefs and attitudes are of a social nature and do not, normally, carry any legal consequences.Teacher Cadet EssayGender discrimination, on the other hand, may have legal consequences. Though what constitutes gender discrimination varies between countries, the essence is that it is an adverse action taken by one person against another person that would not have occurred had the person been of another gender. Discrimination of that nature is considered a form of  prejudice  and in certain enumerated circumstances is illegal in many countries. Gender discrimination can arise in different contexts.For instance an employee may be discriminated against by being asked discriminatory questions during a job interview, or by an employer  not hiring or promoting, unequally paying, or wrongfully terminating, an employee based on her (or his) gender. In an educational setting there could be claims that a student was excluded from an educational institution, prog ram, opportunity, loan, student group, or scholarship because of her/his gender. In the housing setting there could be claims that a person was refused negotiations on seeking a house, contracting/leasing a house or getting a loan based on his or her gender.Another setting where there have been claims of gender discrimination is banking; for example if one is refused credit or is offered unequal loan terms based on one’s gender. Another setting where there is usually gender discrimination is when one is refused to extend his or her credit, refused approval of credit/loan process, and if there is a burden of unequal loan terms based on one’s gender. Socially, gender differences have been used to justify  different roles for men and women, in some cases giving rise to claims of primary and secondary roles.While there are alleged non-physical differences between men and women, major reviews of the academic literature on gender difference find only a tiny minority of cha racteristics where there are consistent psychological differences between men and women, and these relate directly to experiences grounded in biological difference. However, there are also some psychological differences in regard to how problems are dealt with and emotional perceptions and reactions that may relate to hormones and the successful characteristics of each gender during longstanding roles in past primitive lifestyles.In the developing countries like Nepal, gender discrimination is one of the major backwards of development. It  describes the absence of obvious or hidden disparities among individuals based on gender. Disparities can include the discrimination in terms of opportunities, resources, services, benefits, decision-making power and influence. Males enjoy a privileged status from their birth whereas females are often ignored and/or are isolated from social interactions. They are not granted the same opportunities in education, and other basic rights are often o verlooked.When a woman gives birth to a son, he is well cared for and is highly regarded by his family and society. On the other hand, in the event that she gives birth to a daughter, she is ignored and poorly regarded. Nepalese society expects females to inhabit with their husband's family and their sons and to continue living in his parent's home. Thus, the maintenance of the family lineage is perpetuated. Daughters are not considered as heirs in the system of Nepali lineage. Nepal’s total population is about 23 million. Out of this about fifty percent is Women. In Nepal, like other developing countries, the state of women is not satisfactory.Male dominated family system provides very little scope for the female to assert their identity. They are marginalized from economic and social opportunities due to illiteracy, poverty and conservative social taboos. The present status of women is said to be strong than the past but it is the same. 32 women have been Members of Parliam ent after restoration of democracy but it is only limited up to the written forms but not so practically. The status of women is the same as it used to be in the past. My neighbor is a pretty woman who has been living near me for 5 years.Her mother in law tortures her for not giving a birth to a boy child. As she has already given birth to two girl child. So they warned her that if next time she does not give birth to a boy then she has to leave the home and her husband will marry another woman. So she in the fear of losing her husband was ready to give birth to another child but unfortunately she got miscarriage and she got admitted to the hospital. The family members in this situation rather than consoling the women they didn’t cared about her and left her in the hospital. After few days the husband got married to another woman .They didn’t allow her to enter the house and meet her daughters. Men can leave their wives for petty reasons such as if they fail to give bi rth to a male heir. Socially and economically men are always considered as superior to women, breadwinner, head of the family and the care taker and this is major cause for the low participation of women in every sector. This is only one example from our society there are several such discriminations and crimes happening in our society for several reasons. Not only in Nepal but throughout the world females are being dominated by males.It is time that Nepalese men understood the value of their women and respected them for what they are. After all, their mothers were also born as girls. The prevailing unfair social and labour relations compounded by unequal power structure and patriarchal thinking contribute to the sorry situation of girls in Nepal. Social attitude towards girls is still regressive. Majority of girls are denied care, education, health service, recreation and other basic services right from the birth. The environment in which they are living is not conducive for physic al and cognitive growth.Moreover, the atmosphere that prevails at home, family, community and at the national level obstruct the path of overall development of girls. If we fail to properly analyze the nature and form of the problems and the reasons for such a situation of girls, not only will we be unable to ensure a bright future of our girls, but we will fail to ensure a secure future for our women and mothers. This means the movement for women’s liberation will barely be able to keep its head above troubled water. Following facts reveal the situation of the girl children in Nepal. a. Population:  Girls in Nepal consist 50 per cent of the total child population. CBS) ————————————————- In every thousand children Boys  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Girls Infant mortality rate (IMR)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  144. 50  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   150. 38 Child mortality rate (U5MR)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  108. 00  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   133. 00 b. Gender Discrimination/Son Preference:  Discrimination of girls is rampant in every sector of society. Son preference is very high. According to the 2001 census, the national ratio of boys and girls is 100:101, while in some districts such as Far West Kailali it is 100:84. c. Literacy Rate:  Literacy rate of girls is 42 per cent compared to 65 per cent among boys.In Nepal, primary school going girls is 74 per cent compared to 86 per cent boys. (MOE 2003) d. Child Malnutrition:  Child malnutrition in Nepal is 56. 2 per cent in which the state of girls is more vulnerable than boys. Statistics on breast feeding indicate that 51 per cent male children are breast fed, while its number is only 43 per cent among female children. e. Child Sexual exploitation:  Almost 40 per cent of s urvivors of child sexual abuse and rape are girls below 18 years. Most of them are abused at home, in educational institutions, work places or any given place. They are insecure in all these places. CWIN 2008) f. Child Marriage:  34 per cent of total marriages in Nepal are with girls below 16 years. Some 7 per cent of child marriages take place with children below 10 years. (UNICEF 2005). Existing practices of dowry in many parts of the country further provokes child marriages in the society. g. Child Labor Exploitation:  Most household chores and child rearing activities are the responsibility of girls. Girls aged between 10-14 years work double compared to boys in the same age group. It is also reported that 2. 6 million Nepali children are working in different fields of labor.Amongst these 56% are reported to be girls. (ILO-IPEC, 2001) h. Bonded Labour:  Labour bondage still persists in the form of ‘Kamlari’ in the eastern part of Nepal, where girls are kept in the households of their ‘masters’ to serve them. i. Girl Trafficking:  Girls are trafficked for different purposes including domestic work, forced beggary, marriage, carpet weaving and sex trade. About 20 per cent (i. e. 40,000) of the total trafficked women for sex trade are girls below 16 years. (CWIN 2006) Annually approximately 12,000 girl children and women are trafficked. (ILO, Problems Faced by Female Teachers gender discrimination Discrimination  is the  prejudicial  or distinguishing treatment of an individual based on his or her membership – or perceived membership – in a certain group or category. It involves the group's initial reaction or interaction, influencing the individual's actual behavior towards the group or the group leader, restricting members of one group from opportunities or privileges that are available to another group, leading to the exclusion of the individual or entities based on logical or irrational decision making.Discriminatory traditions, policies, ideas, practices, and laws exist in many countries and  institutions  in every part of the world. In some places, controversial attempts such as  racial quotas  have been used to redress negative effects of discrimination—but have sometimes been called  reverse discrimination  themselves. Though gender discrimination refers to beliefs and  attitudes  in relation to the  ge nder  of a person, such beliefs and attitudes are of a social nature and do not, normally, carry any legal consequences.Teacher Cadet EssayGender discrimination, on the other hand, may have legal consequences. Though what constitutes gender discrimination varies between countries, the essence is that it is an adverse action taken by one person against another person that would not have occurred had the person been of another gender. Discrimination of that nature is considered a form of  prejudice  and in certain enumerated circumstances is illegal in many countries. Gender discrimination can arise in different contexts.For instance an employee may be discriminated against by being asked discriminatory questions during a job interview, or by an employer  not hiring or promoting, unequally paying, or wrongfully terminating, an employee based on her (or his) gender. In an educational setting there could be claims that a student was excluded from an educational institution, prog ram, opportunity, loan, student group, or scholarship because of her/his gender. In the housing setting there could be claims that a person was refused negotiations on seeking a house, contracting/leasing a house or getting a loan based on his or her gender.Another setting where there have been claims of gender discrimination is banking; for example if one is refused credit or is offered unequal loan terms based on one’s gender. Another setting where there is usually gender discrimination is when one is refused to extend his or her credit, refused approval of credit/loan process, and if there is a burden of unequal loan terms based on one’s gender. Socially, gender differences have been used to justify  different roles for men and women, in some cases giving rise to claims of primary and secondary roles.While there are alleged non-physical differences between men and women, major reviews of the academic literature on gender difference find only a tiny minority of cha racteristics where there are consistent psychological differences between men and women, and these relate directly to experiences grounded in biological difference. However, there are also some psychological differences in regard to how problems are dealt with and emotional perceptions and reactions that may relate to hormones and the successful characteristics of each gender during longstanding roles in past primitive lifestyles.In the developing countries like Nepal, gender discrimination is one of the major backwards of development. It  describes the absence of obvious or hidden disparities among individuals based on gender. Disparities can include the discrimination in terms of opportunities, resources, services, benefits, decision-making power and influence. Males enjoy a privileged status from their birth whereas females are often ignored and/or are isolated from social interactions. They are not granted the same opportunities in education, and other basic rights are often o verlooked.When a woman gives birth to a son, he is well cared for and is highly regarded by his family and society. On the other hand, in the event that she gives birth to a daughter, she is ignored and poorly regarded. Nepalese society expects females to inhabit with their husband's family and their sons and to continue living in his parent's home. Thus, the maintenance of the family lineage is perpetuated. Daughters are not considered as heirs in the system of Nepali lineage. Nepal’s total population is about 23 million. Out of this about fifty percent is Women. In Nepal, like other developing countries, the state of women is not satisfactory.Male dominated family system provides very little scope for the female to assert their identity. They are marginalized from economic and social opportunities due to illiteracy, poverty and conservative social taboos. The present status of women is said to be strong than the past but it is the same. 32 women have been Members of Parliam ent after restoration of democracy but it is only limited up to the written forms but not so practically. The status of women is the same as it used to be in the past. My neighbor is a pretty woman who has been living near me for 5 years.Her mother in law tortures her for not giving a birth to a boy child. As she has already given birth to two girl child. So they warned her that if next time she does not give birth to a boy then she has to leave the home and her husband will marry another woman. So she in the fear of losing her husband was ready to give birth to another child but unfortunately she got miscarriage and she got admitted to the hospital. The family members in this situation rather than consoling the women they didn’t cared about her and left her in the hospital. After few days the husband got married to another woman .They didn’t allow her to enter the house and meet her daughters. Men can leave their wives for petty reasons such as if they fail to give bi rth to a male heir. Socially and economically men are always considered as superior to women, breadwinner, head of the family and the care taker and this is major cause for the low participation of women in every sector. This is only one example from our society there are several such discriminations and crimes happening in our society for several reasons. Not only in Nepal but throughout the world females are being dominated by males.It is time that Nepalese men understood the value of their women and respected them for what they are. After all, their mothers were also born as girls. The prevailing unfair social and labour relations compounded by unequal power structure and patriarchal thinking contribute to the sorry situation of girls in Nepal. Social attitude towards girls is still regressive. Majority of girls are denied care, education, health service, recreation and other basic services right from the birth. The environment in which they are living is not conducive for physic al and cognitive growth.Moreover, the atmosphere that prevails at home, family, community and at the national level obstruct the path of overall development of girls. If we fail to properly analyze the nature and form of the problems and the reasons for such a situation of girls, not only will we be unable to ensure a bright future of our girls, but we will fail to ensure a secure future for our women and mothers. This means the movement for women’s liberation will barely be able to keep its head above troubled water. Following facts reveal the situation of the girl children in Nepal. a. Population:  Girls in Nepal consist 50 per cent of the total child population. CBS) ————————————————- In every thousand children Boys  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Girls Infant mortality rate (IMR)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  144. 50  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   150. 38 Child mortality rate (U5MR)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  108. 00  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   133. 00 b. Gender Discrimination/Son Preference:  Discrimination of girls is rampant in every sector of society. Son preference is very high. According to the 2001 census, the national ratio of boys and girls is 100:101, while in some districts such as Far West Kailali it is 100:84. c. Literacy Rate:  Literacy rate of girls is 42 per cent compared to 65 per cent among boys.In Nepal, primary school going girls is 74 per cent compared to 86 per cent boys. (MOE 2003) d. Child Malnutrition:  Child malnutrition in Nepal is 56. 2 per cent in which the state of girls is more vulnerable than boys. Statistics on breast feeding indicate that 51 per cent male children are breast fed, while its number is only 43 per cent among female children. e. Child Sexual exploitation:  Almost 40 per cent of s urvivors of child sexual abuse and rape are girls below 18 years. Most of them are abused at home, in educational institutions, work places or any given place. They are insecure in all these places. CWIN 2008) f. Child Marriage:  34 per cent of total marriages in Nepal are with girls below 16 years. Some 7 per cent of child marriages take place with children below 10 years. (UNICEF 2005). Existing practices of dowry in many parts of the country further provokes child marriages in the society. g. Child Labor Exploitation:  Most household chores and child rearing activities are the responsibility of girls. Girls aged between 10-14 years work double compared to boys in the same age group. It is also reported that 2. 6 million Nepali children are working in different fields of labor.Amongst these 56% are reported to be girls. (ILO-IPEC, 2001) h. Bonded Labour:  Labour bondage still persists in the form of ‘Kamlari’ in the eastern part of Nepal, where girls are kept in the households of their ‘masters’ to serve them. i. Girl Trafficking:  Girls are trafficked for different purposes including domestic work, forced beggary, marriage, carpet weaving and sex trade. About 20 per cent (i. e. 40,000) of the total trafficked women for sex trade are girls below 16 years. (CWIN 2006) Annually approximately 12,000 girl children and women are trafficked. (ILO,

US Military Scandal

Weber Miscarried University In today's world a topic that is becoming more popular by numerous infamous scandals is that of business ethics. With companies and businesses alike now realizing that their consumers care about how the operations work in the company can affect their sales they are becoming more aware of how to run operations ethically.Although it is every groups goal to run plans ethically there are still many instances in which they fall short of this bar, whether it be because of greedy influences or being unaware of the laws it is a dilemma that must be approached wisely and handle with care. While most scandals involve a corporation or business while scanning the Internet I came across one that really caught my attention, a scandal within the US Military about cheating on tests, drug use, and the mishandling of missiles.First news broke about this scandal in early January when the Air Force reported its open investigation of unknown exam cheating and scandals involvi ng multiple officers in charge of our country nuclear forces. This recent scandal is one that was roughs to attention after the Air Force was investigating a non-related drug scandal at 6 other bases. This should come as a great concern to all people living in the US, for these are the generals and officers who are responsible for controlling the 450 nuclear missiles and fate of our country.When further looked into it was found that 34 officers, all high class lieutenants or captains, were somehow involved in this scandal, some who were either caught cheating on the monthly proficiency tests or those that were aware of what was going on and did not report the actions. Along tit these accusations it was made clear by Air Force officials that two of the suspected officers also had relations regarding illegal drug use with an officer from an air base in Wyoming.Being one of the most structured and toughest parts of the defense forces to get into the Air Force is not taking this situati on lightly as nuclear launch officers have no room for error handling such dangerous and destructive weapons. ‘The root of all this madness is still unknown but there has been one major discharge of a commander from the Base at Minot because it was seen that there as a â€Å"loss of confidence† in his leadership skills as well as the firing of a commander in charge of training missile crews after a large number of launch officers did poorly on tests.This is not the first scandal that the Air Force has faced after an incident in 2008 where the past secretary of defense Robert M. Gates fired a top general and civilian leader after a crew made a cross-country Journey unaware that 6 missiles on board were armed with nuclear warheads. The major dilemma in all this is these people are supposed to be the ones we as citizens look up to and protect our country et when we read news like this it really hinders our idea of what safety really is.With such difficult guidelines, laws, and requirements it is amazing that such a scandal would be present in an area as important as the protection and well being of the United States as a country, but also goes to show that scandals and dilemmas are present in every aspect of this world no matter what the subject at hand. US Defense Secretary Chuck Haggle has not taken lightly to this situation as he explained that he is â€Å"deeply troubled† by the slue of military scandals in recent months (Talisman, 2014).In January when becoming fully aware of all the problems inside the Air Force and military as a whole Haggle forced a review of operations which also included the Navy. In shear numbers 30 senior instructors have been accused of sharing answer sheets to nuclear qualification tests and 1,200 Navy soldiers, 200 of which were officers, took part in a long-term scheme involving fraudulent recruiting in order to collect roughly $100 million in promised recruiting payments (Talisman, 2014). Hazel's biggest worry is that none of this is by accident and is all a result of unethical behavior by people in uniform†.He along with many others believe that this is an issue that should be put on the top of the list and needs close attention and although it only involves a small number of those in service it is a matter of integrity that he wishes the forces can maintain regardless of those few who disobeyed the law. I felt that this issue was handled greatly and will continue to be throughout the rest of the investigation. Haggle understands the importance of the well being of the country and is not going to let this be something that could be the season for our downfall.Although investigations may take more than a year to complete I trust the decision of the Secretary of Defense as he made if the first problem to be addressed when regarding the military. If this were the situation for a company or business I think that they would have handled it the exact same way, firstly be removing those that were involved or believed to be involved in the problem. Second course of action would be getting down to the bottom of the problem and finding the source, which were ultimately the loosely supervised exams restored by senior leaders and lieutenants.After finding who was to blame for these faults it became evident that those people were to be interviewed immensely for why they took the course of actions they did. A document regarding this even went as far as saying that the â€Å"group testing† was viewed as â€Å"taking care of each other† and easing the pressure as the officers felt they needed a perfect score on the exams (Burns, 2014). So in the end I think this is being handled effectively and that it should have been done in no other manner.Although it is evident that this can instill a lot of fear in the eyes of those who live in this great country the military wanted to make it apparent that there was no evidence that the recent problems lead to mishandlin g of nuclear weapons or Jeopardized any citizens safety. Following this event it will be interesting to see how it progresses as the investigation continues with the interviewing of many officers and those involved in the scandal. Being that the scandal involves nuclear weapons I am curious to see if there will be any new laws or regulations that will be put in place during such vents such as exams and testing.

Euphoria Case Study Essay

Human life as we know has been proven better with a scientific discovery created through the efforts of Pseudoscience Research Inc. (PRI), a conglomerate pharmaceutical corporation responsible for other life-changing advances in modern biological science and technology today. This new discovery is guaranteed to improve the quality of life for most people and would eventually establish a harmonious society human beings aspire for since time immemorial.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a lavish ceremony held at the offices of PRI, the miracle drug was unveiled to wide public acclaim. It was described as one of the most innovative and promising invention of the 22nd century. The drug ‘Euphoria‘ is generally regarded as the most effective and best-selling drug since viagra hit the stores. Euphoria comes from the Greek word euphoros meaning healthy. As what its name espouses, Euphoria aims to improve the lives of the majority of people who live life in constant depression, poverty, and hunger by inducing natural happiness and elation. Indeed, Euphoria changes everything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a response to the growing demand in society, PRI started to conduct research on a drug that may well be the biological ubermensch of the masses in order to rid of constant financial, social, and personal problems that the individual has to experience on a daily basis. On July 14, 1971, PRI jumpstarted the research on a new medicine that will biologically eliminate problems and hardships of an individual by developing a pill concentrated with endorphins and other happiness-inducing chemicals that will harmlessly alter the genetic code of the person as well as increase the normal endorphin count of the normal human body. Thus, Euphoria was born. Since the drug’s invention, it has been tested on human subjects to adhere to the pre-existing laws on animal welfare in lieu with testing. During the early 90’s, PRI was threatened with bankruptcy as the company was openly criticized for making an amoral and immoral drug simultaneously. Mostly pro-life groups rejected the idea of the drug, as it did not value human life while intellectuals criticized it as something that is ‘atrocious’ since it takes out ‘choice’ of a person to be miserable. But it was a famous Hollywood actress who supported the drug and brought PRI into the A-list of corporations in the world today. The three-time Oscar winner actress argued publicly that the drug has helped her made her career and improved her way of life ever since. Consequently, PRI sales on Euphoria went up by 50% in just a year and soon the company made a name for itself as one of the leading brands in healthcare in 2004. Today, Euphoria has replaced painkillers, anti-depressants, and other small-time antibiotics since it completely prevents the user from getting sick. It has been proven effective with absolutely no side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, stomach pains, chest pains, headaches, fever, and death. Since its invention, the drug has been widely-used by the public and from substantial surveys conducted by PRI itself, it has been revealed that almost 95.457% of the population take the drug as an answer to the problems since there are no other drugs that will enable them to be happy and successful. In addition, that percentage also proves the drug’s popularity and effectiveness, as it won numerous awards including the Discovery of the Year recognition from Time Magazine. In 2008, the drug established the name of PRI, becoming the world’s foremost conglomerate in medicinal development. Humble Beginnings   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The credit with the creation of the phenomenal drug goes to Dr. William Falsetto, a Harvard medicine graduate, who got the sudden inspiration of creating Euphoria during a friendly banter over a couple of beers when his colleague suggested him to create a drug that has a natural ‘high’ without the side effects rival to that of viagra and morphine. Because of his background as a distinguished alumnus of one of the top universities in the world, his credibility follows with his invention and therefore the drug’s eventual success. [1]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He based his assumptions from an empirical laboratory experiment wherein he carefully tested the number of endorphins that the human body produces at a normal rate. After determining such, he further experimented on the subject with three substantive theories. First is to determine the amount of endorphins that a normal body produces when exercising. In a result published in the PRI research journal from 1991, Falsetto concluded that the body gives off 86% more endorphins that stimulate happiness and elation.[2] However, he debunked his theory stating that exercising is not an activity done by majority of the masses and would therefore cause a low selling and marketing rate. The second theory was to determine the amount of endorphins when eating large amounts of chocolate. The result was also promising but Falsetto soon discovered that chocolate-induced happiness is followed by undesirable side-effects such as diabetes and fluctuating sugar levels of the body. The last theory proved to be the most effective as Falsetto discovered that endorphins could be extracted as a solid powder form and could be placed in regular tablets sold. The formula is of course under strict protection of the PRI, NSA, CIA, FBI, EUROPOL and the United Nations, but Falsetto disclosed in a press interview when the drug reached its 10th year of success that it contains naturally-produced endorphins that add to the natural threshold of the human body and it increases happiness that in turn causes motivation, energy, and a positivist attitude. He boldly added that the drug can replace viagra since it also increases the sexual drive of the human body. Because of his background as a Harvard graduate, the credibility of the drug was never compromised when it went on sale since 1995.[3]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In relation with the drug’s almost monumental failure, the Hollywood actress who still refuses to reveal her identity said that it almost saved her life and career. Since then, PRI inaugurated the celebrated actress as one of the chairpersons of the company and eventually her ascension as the CEO of the company. Her statement reached almost the entirety of Hollywood’s ‘royalty’ and soon, millions of people were convinced of Euphoria. Heads of State and royal families soon followed suit, stating the drug’s effectivity and rationality over decision-making, political relationships, and terrorist negotiations. The drug also replaced the harmful and illegal drugs such as cocaine and marijuana since Euphoria induced a natural high without the hallucinogens found in the illegal drugs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 2001, 92% of the world population agreed on the use of Euphoria and consequently stamped out the drug’s immoral and unethical issues regarding its use and nature. The test subjects widely accepted the drug[4] since the drug contains natural endorphins, and it follows that it marginally increases elation and happiness feeling for the person. Since happiness and elation are important for personal motivation, the drug then helps in changing the mood of the person as well as affecting change with regards to eating habits and behavior. Also, work production has also been increased since employees are now ‘very happy’ with their work. Euphoria also replaces viagra as a safe alternative since the drug is naturally produced. With health issues, endorphins also increase the white blood count of the body and therefore prevent the body from acquiring diseases.[5] Majority of the people agree on the drug since it is right for the body and life as well as the right thing to do. Its moral issues were disproved since there are no deaths or accidents that are linked to the drug.[6]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1992, there was a worldwide appeal to governments that the standard of living for most of the countries is declining because of unemployment and poverty. However, as soon as Euphoria was introduced to the world, many agree that the drug has saved many lives. It is noteworthy to mention that in one of the political debates in the UN meeting of 2007, the assembly concluded that the quality of life is steadily declining and if the case is not addressed, more human lives are at stake. Either the drug should be globally legalized or the world would continue to degrade in terms of living standards and health issues. Naturally, the drug was finally given worldwide approval during September of that year, and since then, it has been proven effective.[7] However, several pharmaceutical companies rejected the claim of Euphoria to be a universal solution for biological problems. The case went to court, but it was easily dismissed by the ruling that there were no substantive claims to prove that the drug was indeed ineffective. Consequently, it also proved to be the turning point for major and minor drug companies as PRI bought the companies and formed into a multi-national biological research company.[8] Furthermore, since there are contentions with regards the effects of the medicine, it has concluded that the medicine’s claims are true. Mr. Falsetto received the Nobel Peace prize for Medicine and named one of the 22nd century’s greatest thinkers.[9]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because of Euphoria’s discovery and monumental success, it has been regarded as the drug that saved the world from misery and caused much development in the quality of living for the whole world. There are no more wars, political maneuvering, strife, poverty, and colds. The global quality of life has improved, notable through the many recent milestones in human history such as excessive singing, the development of the cure against AIDS and HIV, and a harmonious societal structure where there is no class struggle and alienation since everybody is equally happy. Thanks to Dr. Willam Falsetoo, the world is now a better place.[10] [1]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ad Hominem (Argument to the Man) [2]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Error of Fact [3]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Weak Analogy [4]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ad Populum (Appeal to the Masses) [5]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hasty Generalization [6]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Equivocation [7]  Ã‚  Ã‚   False Dichotomy [8]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Appeal to Ignorance [9]  Ã‚  Ã‚   Burden of Proof [10]   Post Hoc (False Cause)

Ad Agency Report Essay

Abstract The focus of this paper is to select and research an advertising agency, which will then be evaluated. The paper will discuss the evaluation in two stages. Thus, the first section of the evaluation will include a description of the unique aspects of the agency, its strengths, services, specialties, and approach to marketing communication, and others, while the second section is going to be a personal opinion of the agency as a marketing communication firm. The selected advertising agency is TBWA. TBWA – Overview TBWA is an independent and international, privately-owned advertising agency which headquarters are located in Mmidtown Manhattan, New York City. The company was started in Europe and made a mark in the United Sated by promoting European products, such as Absolut vodka and Evian water. The agency was founded in 1970, surprisingly in France by William Tragos, Claude Bonnange, Uli Wiesendanger and Paolo Airoldi. The agency’s name was derived from the initials of the four founders’ last names. The founders hoped to tap ‘the richness of different cultures, the healthy frictions and the thrust that comes from diversity,’ as chairperson Tragos later stated in a company publication. In 1977 Tragos opened TBWA’s first U.S. office in New York City. The New York City branch of TBWA started out with $7.5 million worth of billings in the first year. The branch worked for several small accounts that would later become large money-earners, including the European bottled water company Evian and Fromageries Bel, producers of Laughing Cow cheese. In 1993 Omnicom acquired TBWA and the agency expanded rapidly to become a worthy partner to BBDO and DDB. Two key developments in the growth of TBWA were its merger with US agency Chiat Day in 1995 and with Anglo-French network GGT BDDP three years later. The agency operates through various brands all over the world, such as: TBWA ChiataDay in New York, TBWA Hunt Lascarisa in South Africa, TBWA Concept Unit in West Africa, and TBWARaad in North Africa. This company is ranked in the first ten 10 advertising agencies of the world and it has more than 274 offices in over a hundred countries and it counts more than 11,000 employees worldwide. TBWA develops and manages brand behavior in the world of today by using Disruptive Ideas. They concentrate not only on being the best in advertising but to be among the most creative companies from the world. The specialty disciplines/marketing services of this ad agency are: disruption, service development, media advertising, employee branding, digital, theatre, design, sports sponsorship, retail activation, corporate social responsibility (CSR), customer relationship management (CRM), cause related marketing, mobile utility, custom publishing, brand amplification, event marketing, and others. TBWA strategies services include: Disruptive Strategy, Brand Positioning, Brand Development, Brand Behavior and Media Arts Planning. Their analytical tools help recognize market growth opportunities. Some of these analytical tools are: Web analytics, Definition and measurement of targeted digital channels, Marketing effectiveness metrics, Customer relationship strategies, and Customer scorecards. Through service analytics and ongoing media monitoring TBWA help optimize services and activate desired behavior to leverage success fast. According to McMains (2009), TBWA is a combination of tactical rigor mid strong creative ideas. See more: Unemployment – problems and solutions essay TBWA states that their starting point for any brand is disruption, even though the brand may be local or global. Disruption drives a tactical development of the solution of their clients by challenging conventions from any industry and it provides a common language across the network for the brands this company leads. By being fluent in Ddisruption and Mmedia Aarts, each agency in the TBWA network is continuously analyzing and documenting the shifts in the media context and their influence on the behavior of the audience. Thus, this commitment makes it possible to let TBWA to serve global brands distinctively than the competitors. Some of the global clients of TBWA are: ABSOLUT, Accenture, Adidas, Apple, Energized, Four Seasons, GSK, Henkel, Infiniti, McDonald’s, Michelin, Nissan, Pfizzer, Roche, Singapore Airlines, Standard Chartered Bank, Visa, and many others. TBWA was recognized as the Best International Network of the Decade by Advertising Age in 2010, while TBWA was placed the 24th of the world’s 50 most innovative companies in 2009 by Fast Company Magazine. As stated early earlier, TBWA is a unit of Omnicom Group which is a world leader in marketing and also in corporate communications office. Omnicom’s branded networks and numerous specialty firms provide advertising, strategic media planning and buying, digital and interactive marketing, direct and promotional marketing, public relations and other specialty communications services to over 5,000 clients in more than 100 countries. Datamonitor (2010) states that Omnicom’s strengths are: client relationships, important operations with a powerful portfolio of brands, wide range of services that can be offered, and a strongerstrong market recognition. Its weaknesses rely in: constantly changing financial performances and also geographic concentration. Visible opportunities are positive outlook for interactive media market, the reviving industry of advertisements, the increase in mobile marketing, and also an increase in the advertising market of Asia Pacific. Lastly, threats that this company faces comes from an intense competition, global business risks, and also regulation. All of the mentioned above make up the SWOT analysis for the Omnicom Group which is the owner of TBWA. TBWA dominated Campaign Asia Pacific’s 2012 Agency of the Year Awards in four categories: ‘Japan Creative Agency of the Year’, ‘Australia/New Zealand PR Agency of the Year’, and ‘Singapore Digital Network of the Year’. The most important people of this company are: Tom Carroll who is the president and CEO of TBAWorldwide, Jean-Marie Dru, who is the Chairman, Lee Clow, the global director of Media Arts, and Denis Streiff, who is the Chief Financial Officer of the TBWAWorldwide. TBWA – Opinion As a personal consideration, I think that TBWA is an advertising agency that deserves its current place because it is not easy to work with companies like Apple, Addidas, McDonald’s or Pfizzer. These big players have chosen TBWA probably because they have trust in the operations conducted by this company. I would say that it is well worth to spend time and resources to create something that would be best in the following years to come because TBWA with its current customers can draw other important companies into working with it. TheyTBWA aims to be not only the best marketing network but also one of the most creative companies in the world. And The company embraces any marketing challenges on all levels: from any area of business, to any positioning, customer experience and communications. TBWA create solutions that set any business on a new growth path, using their Ddisruption toolkit proven in hundreds of client cases around the Wworld. The deployment of disruption helps galvanize diverse stakeholders in a focused and collaborative conversation in an effort to develop the biggest, sharpest, most fertile brand idea that will, in turn, inform what the brand believes, and how the brand behaves and communicates. This is an important differentiation in the TBWA approach. Disruption helps the agency network develop a creative strategy that will drive the brand’s overarching global success, without sacrificing local relevance. Conclusion The This global company does an excellent job into understanding the dynamics of the consumer in every market and also into delivering work that was test in every of the mentioned markets. In today’s world of media proliferation, fragmentation and convergence, clients benefit from TBWA’s leadership at a brand strategy level, as well as its stewardship of all marketing communication activities. And cClients stay at TBWA because of how the agency serves their soft needs. The global evidence is digital advertising which is more effective in engaging the consumer. Digital can have a lot of impact if you do it right. However, TBWA will still have to follow the objectives, moral conduit, ethical and legal activities to maintain itself as a leading voice into this industry. References Datamonitor (2010). Omnicom Group, Inc. SWOT Analysis, 1-11 McMains, A. (2009). TBWA. Brandweek, 50(1), 12-14. Press Release: TBWA Worldwide (2012). TBWA dominates four competitions at Campaign Asia-Pacific’s 2012 Agency of the Year Awards. Retrieved from http://finance.yahoo.com/news/tbwa-dominates-four-competitions-campaign-215500701.html TBWA ADVERTISING, INC. History. Retrieved from http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/tbwa-advertising-inc-history/ Select and research an advertising agency. You can choose a national or local agency. Write a 3-5 page overview and evaluation of the agency. Your evaluation should be written in two sections. The first section should describe the agency’s unique aspects, strengths, services, approach to marketing communications, specialties, client list, and so forth. The second section should be your opinion of the organization as a marketing communication firm. Include your perception of the organization.

Hurricane vs. Blizzards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hurricane vs. Blizzards - Essay Example As a result, the occurrence is even a threat to human life that depends on these items (Halmer and Oplinger, 2001). The hurricanes, realized through cyclically moving storms, are seasonal occurrences that are unpredictable. The unpredictability relates to the dynamism with respect to the nature and extent of a particular occurrence. A hurricane â€Å"can quickly change its speed, direction, and intensity† (Brainworks, 2009, p. 14). Besides, reliable predictions are only possible from an already developed hurricane. This means that it is not possible to make predictions prior enough for adequate safety measures (Brainworks, 2009). Hurricanes are also associated with geographical vulnerability of areas as some areas are more vulnerable than others are. This explains the reason for repeated occurrence in some areas while other areas do not experience hurricanes. Its occurrence includes a gradually increasing strength of current that temporarily ceases. Some of the common impacts of hurricanes are â€Å"wind damage and flooding† (Halmer and Oplinger, 2001, p. 87). Blizzards are also examples of extreme weather conditions. Halmer and Oplinger explain that a blizzard is a less severe version of a hurricane and is identifiable by features such as duration, and visibility of the surrounding. A characteristic storm that goes beyond three hours for example identifies a blizzard and not a hurricane. The blizzards however have a relatively lower current speed of less than 40 miles per hour. Another characteristic feature of the blizzards that distinguishes them from hurricanes is the extensive formation of mist in the environment to a degree that impairs vision. Blizzards therefore results in longer hours of snow, and a misty environment that blurs vision. The phenomenon is associated with geographical vulnerability with repeated occurrences reported in specific areas. Lehigh valley in Pennsylvania is an example of areas that have repeatedly experienced blizzards in

What Are The Laws Of Directors Remuneration In Australia Are They Research Paper

What Are The Laws Of Directors Remuneration In Australia Are They Adequate, Effective And Efficient To Protect The Interests Of The Shareholders - Research Paper Example It is simply regarded as the salary of the directors that is paid by a particular company to the director. A director is viewed to be an administrative officer of a business entity and acts as a principal agent of a concern. The remuneration of the directors is not only provided in the form of salary but also in the form of bonuses, incentives and stock payments and other benefits. Different laws are applicable concerning director’s remuneration in diverse nations.It has been viewed that the remuneration reforms which formed by the Federal government of Australia attracted the response of various organizations as well as their respective directors and also made them to respond to make any sort of change in stakeholder engagement. However, the shareholders and the constitution frames by a company play a major part in determining the laws of director’s remuneration in Australia.1 In this discussion, the different laws concerning director’s remuneration in Australia will be taken into concern. Moreover, the laws are adequate, effective and efficient or not in order to protect the interests of the shareholders will also be portrayed in the discussion. Legal Issues Relevant To the Laws of Directors’ Remuneration in Australia The legal issues relevant to the laws of director’s remuneration in Australia can be processed under the recognition of Chartered Secretaries Australia (CSA). It has been apparently observed that the issue relating to directors remuneration received much attention in the year 2011. In this similar regard, this regulatory reform issue ranked third in the year 2012.2 Section 9 of the Corporations Act defines remuneration as any benefit that is provided to an employee or an officer belonging to a particular corporation. Moreover, the Act also described remuneration as compensation that comprises all employee benefits such as salaries, bonuses and wages among others. According to Chartered Secretaries Australia (20 09), the Australian Government newly released the Corporations Amendment Bill 2009 for public consultation. Under the guidelines of this law, it has been proposed that the termination benefits especially for the directors as well as the senior management officials will need approval from the shareholders. This practice would ultimately ensure higher remuneration scrutiny that includes greater responsibility and termination payments.1 The different legal issues that can be correlated with the laws of director’s remuneration in Australia are the ‘two-strikes’ rule, proxy voting, no vacancy rule, remuneration consultants and voting by key management personnel.3 The detailed analysis of the aforementioned issues has been described hereunder. The ‘Two-Strikes’ Rule According to the Corporations Act 2001, every listed company is required to make a remuneration report that should be submitted to a non- binding vote of shareholders at the Annual General Meet ing (AGM) of a company. The Act proposes to empower this requirement by forming ‘two strikes’ and re-election procedure. In this connection, the first strike would take place at the time when remuneration report of a company receives a ‘no’ vote of near about 25% or more. If certain situation arises, then it is the responsibility of the management officials of a company to convey the matter related to the board in order to take necessary steps or action. If a company does not convey any message relating to the matter, then the board would be liable to take necessary actions. The second strike would happen when the remuneration repo

Explain why american support for britain between 1939 41 'stopped Essay

Explain why american support for britain between 1939 41 'stopped short of war' - Essay Example This explains why America and Britain remained so diplomatically cordial up until the war. Isolationism was a very popular political position during the 1930's and is very much to blame for why the United States did little to prevent the gradual slide of the world's major powers into a war that it would inevitably be drawn into as well. Hindsight is twenty-twenty, and in retrospect it appears that isolationism might not have been the best political stance for America to take between 1939 and 1941. In Ross Kennedy's publication The Ideology of American Isolationism 1931-1939, he analyzes the ideals inherent in isolationist theory. It is his view that that core belief in isolationism by the people stemmed from a lack of faith in the world power politics of the day (Kennedy, 2002). This basically boiling don't to the fact that the American people along with the American government had premature collective security, and collective security schemes lead to the practicing of power politics. Most Americans felt that to involve their country in this global competition would result in the loss of American Freedoms at home. Power politics are attributed to imperial rivalries, imperialism stemming from territorial trade of raw materials war during 1939. Germany, Italy and Japan were all deemed have-not nations. Secretary of State William Castle explained it as they want colonies as an outlet for their surplus population. They want raw materials (Kennedy, 2002). These have not countries were attempting to commandeer and then colonize France and England in hopes profiting off of their raw materials. This of course had very little to do with the Unites States, so in the tradition of isolationism, America sought to remain neutral. Another aspect of power politics that Americans disapproved of was what they considered to be devious and immoral tactics inherent in the European method. The week Nazi Germany signed its non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, The journal known as the main proponent of isolationism, The New Republic published this statement, European affairs are still full of insincerity, devi ous methods, secrets and surprises, and we should not be taken aback at any treachery or weakness (Kennedy, 2002). It was a common belief among Americans that Europeans were not to be trusted pertaining to their use of power politics. When asked about it Herbert Hoover said, when we talk of using force of any kind, we are playing power politics at the European chess table (Kennedy, 2002). The prime example of this belief in action is the signing of the Versailles treaty, which ended World War I. It can be considered a form of coercion, since it was signed at the end of a gun. Tactics like these have a tradition in America as far back as the American revolutionary war, and they all tend to be driven by monetary gain. In his essay, The U.S. Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, Keith Krawczynksi, convinced that men were motivated primarily by economic self-interest and that class conflict pervaded human events, argues that the Founding Fathers carried out a counterrevolution by creating a reactionary document to protect their interests against popularly controlled state governments that passed cheap paper money legislation, debtor laws, and other measures that favored small farmers and artisans at the expense of wealthy creditors (2003). To