Essay on the Dysfunctional Family of The Glass Menagerie

The Dysfunctional Family of The Glass Menagerie Dysfunctional. Codependent. Enmeshed. Low self-esteem. Emotional problems of the modern twenty-first century or problems of the past? In his play, The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams portrays a southerly family in the 1940s trying to deal with lifes pressures, and their own fears after they are deserted by their husband and father. Although today, we have access to hundreds of psychoanalysis books and therapists, the family problems of the distant past glide by to be the family problems of the present. The three family members are adults at the time of this play, struggling to be individuals, and yet, very enmeshed and codependent with one another. The overbearing and domineering mother, Amanda, spends much of her time live the past her days as a southern belle. She desperately hopes her daughter, Laura, will marry. Laura suffers from an inferiority complex partially due to a minor disability that she perceives as a major one . She has difficulty coping with life outside of the apartment, her cherished glass animal collection, and her Victrola. Tom, Amandas son, resents his role as provider for the family, yearns to be free from him mothers constant nagging, and longs to pursue his own dreams. A futile attempt is made to match Laura with Jim, an old high school acquaintance and one of Toms work mates. Jim is very confident and attempts to help Laura with her problems of self-esteem and shyness. Laura seems to be responding to his efforts of help when he unexpectedly announces his engagement to be married. Of course, this brings an end to the well-planned evening. At this point, there seems to be a wake-up call for these characters. A... ... yet, overlook into their own, personal cocoon of fear and insecurity. In conclusion, nothing really changes from beginning to end. Laura is still dependent, very shy, and lonely. Tom still has no real future, even though he runs a track to fulfill his dreams. Amanda has no job and continues to relive her past. We really dont know what happens to Jim. In an effort to free themselves, these characters become more entangled in their problems. The ending is sad, without hope. However, The Glass Menagerie is timeless. Many of us can relate to these characters in some way. Most of us struggle in some way with fear, insecurity, dysfunction, codependency, and the complexities of life. Yes The problems of the past continue to be the problems of the present. Works Cited Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. New York New Directions Publishing, 1999.

The Discovery of Dinosaur Fossils in Antarctica :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

The Discovery of Dinosaur Fossils in AntarcticaWhile working in Antarctica, two separate explore teams with hundreds of miles between them each made astounding discoveries. They discovered dinosaur fossils. Antarctica has been home to many other dinosaur fossil finds only if what was so special roughly these fossils is that they were from an unknown species of dinosaurs. truly what the discovery compliments is that the discovery of these fossils encourages the theory of plate tectonics and continental drift. Antarctica now is a baron frozen continent with little life. 170 million years ago it was a more habitable environment because was oriented at a different location on earth. The two new species of dinosaurs were that of a meat-eater and a plant-eater. The meat-eater was found on an ancient island the used to be covered by sea and the plant-eater was discovered on the slopes of a mountain that is 13,000 feet high but probably a riverbed at the time when this dinosaur roamed t he earth. This discovery not only shows how continental drift and plate tectonics helped the dinosaurs move but similarly the discovery of two new species of dinosaur. These discoveries will help us further our knowledge of what happened to the dinosaurs. What the article seems to find most striking is the locale of where the dinosaurs fossils was found. The fossils of the plant-eater meshing back to 170 million years ago. The scientists think that the mountain was probably a riverbed or a soft mound. It was not even closelipped to the 13,000 feet that shoots up from the surface of earth almost touching the sky today. On the other hand the meat-eater who was found a rocky island was thought to be killed by rising seas. This dinosaurs bones date back to about 70 million years ago. This discovery is so important to the scientific community because the phytophagic dinosaur dates back to 170 million years ago. This is when the dinosaurs first started to rule that animal kingdom. The se fossils might prove to be useful in learning more about where and what the dinosaurs came from. They could figure out who they evolved from. The other dinosaur comes from around a mass extinction caused by an unknown object form space. By researching these fossils it might help us to see what happened and how the environment changed to completely wipe out the entire race of dinosaurs.

Raise In Red Lantern :: essays research papers

In Raise the Red Lantern, the symbolic implications of the ancestral altar in the central reception hall go beyond the family walls, because it displays the portraits of all the powerful officals in the Chen family, thus suggesting the entire patriarchal tradition and its political power.In Raise the Red Lantern, the red lantern, an invented icon here (and one accused of being a fake cultural signifier used merely for sensory(a) purposes), is the films central symbol and most important metaphor. The colour red is a symbol of sexuality and eroticism, but no longer of passion. much importantly, it turns out to be associated with patriarchal and political power. To get the lantern lit refers to the victory of one woman over all the others, but at the same clip it still represents failure for all the women because the woman who gains the lit lantern must be totally exposed, under the red light, before the gaze and under the control of the man. The coloring red here remains a symbol o f blood and death, as in the death scenes of both the servant Yaner and the third wife, who dared to disobey the rules.The snuff it of the foot massages in Raise the Red Lantern echoes very well the rhythm of tension, obsession, and desire in the daily life of Chens household. It seems to be the simply promising and stimulating sound for the wives in that deadly quiet mansion. Moreover, this sound is often parallel to, or mixed with that of the footsteps of the master when he approaches the selected wifes room. This sound, then, creates a temporary illusion for the woman, who thinks she is going to win the man.

The Celestine Prophecy :: essays research papers

The Celestine fortune tellingThe Celestine Prophecy by James Redfield. More popular than The Bridges ofMadison County, more philosophical than Socrates, and it rivals onlu R.L.Steins Fear Street series in bad writing. Its a " wise of ideas" says KennethMoyle in his very critical essay "Why I shun the Celestine Prophecy.""A novel of ideas" thats a good phrase for this "novel." I contemplate it twiceduring this assignment the first time I public opinion he had abundant ideas and themesto live by the second time I still thought he had great ideas, but a terribleway of presenting them. Moyle says "...for all intents and purposes, this is non a novel but rather a New-Age manifesto..." That just somewhat sums it up.This is a great book for someone feel for direction and conflict resolution.However, if youre looking for a book with depth and literary merit, youd bebetter gain with Danielle Steele.First of all, Redfields characters are more t wo-dimentional andunbelieveable than Barbie paper dolls. "The characters...are featurelessmouthpiecesfor the monotone authorial voice," says Moyle. A major problem I hadwith reading The Celestine Prophecy was keeping form of who was who thecharacters have little or no distinction between them, and it was a blotconfusing because he keeps encountering the same people in different situations. other thig is Redfield repeats himself and the insights, and Im assuminghe does it on purpose but it gets monotonous. Moyle calls it "considerate," butI cerebrate its just plain repetative. The only way I got complete consciousnesswas to make notes and think about it a LONG TIME."This is not a novel to be tossed aside lightly. It should be thrown asidewith great force," says Dorothy Parker. I dont feel that strongly about TheCelestine Prophecy. "I think there is indeed something to this book," as saysMoyle. I think the insights may actually have something to them . I drive in thatour energies (positive and negative) affect other people, things, and situations.The insights helped me put it into a clearer perspective.The Celestine Prophecy essays research papers The Celestine ProphecyThe Celestine Prophecy by James Redfield. More popular than The Bridges ofMadison County, more philosophical than Socrates, and it rivals onlu R.L.Steins Fear Street series in bad writing. Its a "novel of ideas" says KennethMoyle in his very critical essay "Why I Hate the Celestine Prophecy.""A novel of ideas" thats a good phrase for this "novel." I read it twiceduring this assignment the first time I thought he had great ideas and themesto live by the second time I still thought he had great ideas, but a terribleway of presenting them. Moyle says "...for all intents and purposes, this isnot a novel but rather a New-Age manifesto..." That just about sums it up.This is a great book for someone looking for direction and co nflict resolution.However, if youre looking for a book with depth and literary merit, youd bebetter off with Danielle Steele.First of all, Redfields characters are more two-dimentional andunbelieveable than Barbie paper dolls. "The characters...are featurelessmouthpiecesfor the monotone authorial voice," says Moyle. A major problem I hadwith reading The Celestine Prophecy was keeping track of who was who thecharacters have little or no distinction between them, and it was a bitconfusing because he keeps encountering the same people in different situations.Another thig is Redfield repeats himself and the insights, and Im assuminghe does it on purpose but it gets monotonous. Moyle calls it "considerate," butI think its just plain repetative. The only way I got complete understandingwas to make notes and think about it a LONG TIME."This is not a novel to be tossed aside lightly. It should be thrown asidewith great force," says Dorothy Parker. I dont feel that st rongly about TheCelestine Prophecy. "I think there is indeed something to this book," as saysMoyle. I think the insights may actually have something to them. I know thatour energies (positive and negative) affect other people, things, and situations.The insights helped me put it into a clearer perspective.

Networking Computer Systems :: Computer Networks

Networking Computer SystemsA network is a group of two or to a greater extent computer ashess sharing services and interacting in some manner. In most cases, this interaction is accomplished through a shell outd communication link, with the shared components beingness data. Put simply, a network is a collection of machines that have been linked both physically and through software components to soothe communication and the sharing of teaching. To retain the communications between two or more computers work, several things need to be in place. First, some type of physical connection mechanism has to subsist between the computers involved. Normally, this mechanism is a wire or cable of some kind or a transceiver that toilette both transmit and receive information attached to or built into your computer. The idea of computer networking is new to some people and almost always seen as a highly technical and speedily evolving process. Every day, computer professionals are ca lled upon by their employers to evaluate, judge, and implement the technologies necessary for the rapid communication of dissimilar groups in order to enhance productivity or fall complexity within the organizations processes. Most see the task as a formidable one, and many feel they are not qualified or in full prepared to drive the creation of a Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN). The type of network you can constrain is often determined by the network operating system you use. Like a regular operating system for your PC, a network operating system coordinates how all the individual software application on a network work and how the network interacts with the hardware attached to it. Sharing data is made overmuch easier when a network is involved. People are more productive because several people enter data at the same time and can in any case evaluate and process the shared data.The effective use of networks can turn a company into an agile, powerful, an d creative organization, giving it a long-term competitive advantage. Networks can be used to share hardware, programs, and databases across the organization. They can transmit and receive information to improve organizational effectiveness and efficiency. They enable geographically separated workgroups to share documents and opinions, which fosters teamwork, innovative ideas, and new business strategies (Stair, Reynolds 269). Getting computers connected and speaking the same language may be somewhat interesting for some people, but its really just a necessary evil to get to the good stuff.

Networking Computer Systems :: Computer Networks

Networking Computer SystemsA network is a group of two or more computer systems manduction services and interacting in some manner. In most cases, this interaction is accomplished through a divided communication link, with the shared components being data. Put simply, a network is a collection of machines that have been linked both physically and through software components to soothe communication and the sharing of information. To make the communications between two or more computers work, several things need to be in place. First, some type of physical connection tool has to exist between the computers involved. Normally, this mechanism is a wire or cable of some kind or a transceiver that preempt both transmit and welcome information attached to or built into your computer. The idea of computer networking is new to some people and almost always seen as a highly good and rapidly evolving process. Every day, computer professionals are called upon by their employers to e valuate, judge, and implement the technologies necessary for the rapid communication of dissimilar groups in order to enhance productivity or lessen complexity within the organizations processes. Most see the task as a formidable one, and many feel they are not qualified or fully prepared to drive the creation of a Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN). The type of network you crapper create is often determined by the network operational system you use. Like a regular operating system for your PC, a network operating system coordinates how all the individual software application on a network work and how the network interacts with the hardware attached to it. Sharing data is do much easier when a network is involved. People are more productive because several people enter data at the same time and can also evaluate and process the shared data.The effective use of networks can turn a company into an agile, powerful, and creative organization, giving it a long-ter m militant advantage. Networks can be used to share hardware, programs, and databases across the organization. They can transmit and receive information to improve organizational effectiveness and efficiency. They enable geographically unconnected workgroups to share documents and opinions, which fosters teamwork, innovative ideas, and new business strategies (Stair, Reynolds 269). Getting computers connected and speaking the same language may be somewhat interesting for some people, further its really just a necessary evil to get to the good stuff.

Glastonbury Festival Essay

Glastonbury fete (officially The Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts) is biggest and one of the most important music festivals in the world, best known for its present-day(a) music, but also for dance, comedy, theatre, circus, cabaret and other arts. It takes place in south west England.The festival organiser Michael Eavis, a farmer in a summerset decided to host the first festival, )then called Pilton Festival) as he saw open air Led Zeppelin concert in 1970. Fourteen people, including John Hoare, invested everything they had to manakin the stage on Michaels own farm. The first festivals in the 70s were influenced by hippie ethics and the free festival movement. After the 1970s the festival took place almost every year and grew in size, with the number of attendees and it becomes one of the most important events of the summer.Nowadays in Glastonbury perform bands such as U2, Colplay, queen of the Stone Age, Pendulum but also less known (so called indie) bands. Th e only czech representative in this festival was Gipsy.cz in 2007.Altough festival is affected by barrages of rainfall and floods, the interest for tickets is enormous. For example in 2007, 137 tousand tickets was sold in only 90 minutes Its best not to come to Glastonbury with notebook full of plans of what you compliments to see. If there are one or two particular bands a day you really want to see, then let your day revolve most them and go with the flow This festival is fill with the great summer atmosphere that only rock festivals can offer.

Prevention Plan for Divorce Before Marriage

Phuong Ho Prof. Janice Falbert CDFS 321 Section 9 Personal Relationships Wellness Philosophy Paper (PRW) Fall 2012 pairing is ane of the most essential featureors of humankind life. It creates the basis for everyone to pursue a better, wellnessier, and happier life. However, it is the fact that there are more and more pair offs marrying and then ending up with divorce, and this rate is increasing faster course by year. Actually, all the divorce cases are originated from more or less of the turns of emotional illness that gradually appear in each partner during the sentence of their relationship.It is good to recover these forms of emotional illness to solve the martial problems of the specific patients. However it is absolutely the best when the original points are studied and determined ahead they become the flagitious and fatal clues to damage marriage. What I am talking about here is the pr regulartion efforts to be applied to the time period in advance couples marry, non after. I overly present my ginmill Plan containing the ideas, of observeing any chances that fanny cause divorce, for pre-marital couples.This is the ultimate result of the combination of my total knowledge about marriage and the pragmatic philosophy of aboriginal Prevention material. It is true that relationship before marriage plays an important role in coupled life ahead it also builds the prat for the good, healthy, and happy marriage. However, it is completely wrong saying that go out works effectively to screen out coming(prenominal) divorces, particularly those that occur early in marriage.Actually, date does not possess anything to do with the separation of married couples. The point here is that go out and marriage are different. Of course dating is important to lead to marriage. However, dating is a step to rent two the great unwashed closer and to see if they are for each other, and marriage is a commitment with full of incidents and probabilities. Lovin g someone, committing to him/her, and dungeon together for the rest of your life are totally different. This illustrates well for the divorces happening early in marriage.Many troublesome things happen when marriage life starts out. Things change dramatically, and the couples have to work through themselves or asking for professional help or divorces is the consequence. Another reason to say that dating is nothing to do with future divorces is that dating not working out leads to break-up right after that. People do not wait until they get into marriage, and then regret for what happen and say so long to each other. It does not work this way.Really, problems brook appear during the dating couples tend to learn how to overcome it (just like married ones) however, if they cannot find the same solution for this problem, break-up is abstemious to be brought up right away. Separation in dating is a lot childliker and easier than marriage. No such couples resist each others problems until they get married. As what I said previously, my Prevention Plan, which I will introduce to you, is built upon my martial knowledge and the information from Primary Prevention material. So what is Primary Prevention?It is actually a distinct level from the three-tier model, which is pretty much similar to the main Prevention model, containing Primary Prevention, Secondary Prevention, and 3rd Prevention. Secondary Prevention (treatment activities) is about trying to shine the length of time an individual or family experiences an emotionally distressful situation Tertiary Prevention (rehabilitation activities) is about preventing the recurrence of a debilitating problem and to restore as luxuriously as possible the level of individual and family reorganization.Like the other two, Primary Prevention, considered as a hybrid form originated from Prevention, has its own characteristics and techniques, which are about aiming to reduce the incidence of new cases of amiable disorde r in the population by fighting against harmful forces which operate in the community and by strengthening the capacity of multitude to resist stress. So, unlike the purpose of Secondary Prevention shortening the time the patients resist and purpose of Tertiary Prevention avoiding the repetition of the illness, the Primary Prevention is more straightened method of anti-emotional-distress.It focuses directly on the fight against the mental illness created during the process by helping patients develop the abilities to avoid stress. Primary Prevention focuses mainly on groups of patients but for the specific problems that those groups obtain. To get a wider and deeper view of these concepts, let get back to the original Prevention. The fact is that the perception of Prevention is not new at all. The ideas that mental distress might be prevented and eliminated happened a long time ago, back to the ancient time.However, the fully attainable concept of Prevention as a Public wellness treatment was recently developed when the number of serious mentally ill patients as well as divorces goes higher and faster. Prevention provides strategies that not only help all the patients take part in avoid illness and promoting health, but also enlighten the misunderstanding and wrong claims and opinions about emotional distress. Really, there were any people bringing on the ideas saying that major illness is surely in large part genetically determined and is absolutely not preventable, at most modifiable.Prevention proves that these ideas are wrong and that mental problems are not such diseases that can be hinted to any microorganism or DNA thread. They are actually troubles derived from the very normal routine life of each individual. Sometimes they can be cause from the factors of that patients life like family, friends, colleagues sometimes they are from the patient himself/herself. Therefore, because those problems are not genetic and instinctive, it is easy to result th at they can be controlled, prevented, and eliminated. 4 So, how does Prevention do its jobs as a helpful treatment of promoting mental health and avoiding illness? The answer is in its technology given by cardinal specific tools as Education, Community Organization, Competency Promotion, and Natural Caregiving. Each of them has different perspective, way of approaching, and practical application but they all have the same purpose of preventing mentally illness and promoting health. 3 My Plan of prevention of split is a combination of martial and relationship tips, academic and proved material, and practically social information.The points are simple rules and tips to some people in their lives, but these people are failed to recognize or even ignore and underestimate them. This leads to number of serious consequences to their marriage lives, even divorces. As I mentioned, all my attention will be the Prevention applied to the time period before couples married. Firstly, the optima l step for the all couples before they commit to each other in order to have a good and stable marriage is to question themselves and each other Am I sure? Are you sure? 6 That means a premarital couple have to make sure the other is the only one and their ultimate hit of love. Both of them have to make it clear that the other one come back the same and is literally willing to commit to this life ahead. 5 There are some couples rushing to marriage by their contemporary passion and feeling without thinking reasonably. Certainly, this kind of marriage later will obtain many obstacles and problems and suffer from the aggregate consequences including divorce if they do not ask for any help. Marriage is an important thing ever happening to a person.Make sure that is the right one and be ready to spend the rest time of your life with him/her. 1 The second point of the Prevention Plan is Professional help is not supplementary, at all. Some couples think they are fine with everything al l they need to do is go ahead and be ready for a wedding without thinking twice about this as a big incident that will change their lives forever. Premarital counseling is extremely important that helps couples have a clearer and more complete view of what is discharge happen and how things change dramatically after they become husbands and wives.Besides, this is also a chance for the couples to make up their mind again and see if the other one is really the one. This may create disappointments for some couples when they think they already know everything about their relationship (but they do not). However, this is one of the most effective ways to prevent the probability of divorces happen right before the marriage happens. 2 Another thing that affects most to the stability of marriage life of any couple is Defining expectations can help build a good plan. Any victorious battle has its own strategy.What are the expectations? They are intentions, standards, rules that are summed u p by both sides of couple and will be applied for their future family. The same with this situation, a happy future house is not only built with love, but also with recognition and knowledge. The expectations can be only found, treasured, and carried by communication, and the best way to communicate is, of course, talking. 6 Beside building, reinforcing, and enriching the love, respect, understanding to each other, the couples should take time having some serious talking, discussing about their future family.Many things this talking can come with are such as finance, children, sex, housework, religion, jobs Having a clearer and practical view of these factors can help couples avoid many unexpected issues pa up in their future life together. It will be a lot easier and simpler to avoid, deal with and fix these problems when the insiders already know the concepts of original issues. 2 Many people think it is wasting of time and unnecessary to spend their time for their future marria ges while they have not even get married yet.Actually, this period of time is the bridge between the dating and marriage. Maybe dating does not work effectively to screen out future divorces, particularly those that occur early in marriage however, preventing is much better than fixing. This period of time is the most magnificent transition step for couple to reinforce their points of view, concepts, and knowledge about the marital lives wait for them ahead. Therefore, I can surely say that my Prevention Plan will work effectively in any society, including a nation with a high rate of divorces like U.S. As you can see above, this plan with three general tips is simple and trivial point in premarital relationship however, missing, ignoring or even misusing them can lead to serious problems. Not only the citizens are educated about marriage promoting and divorce preventing, but also the influence of mental health service in U. S. will get more appreciations, attentions, and profits f rom the public. These profits can help improve the U. Ss medical health development in many ways also.The open behaviors that I encourage couples to do are completely suitably helpful for Americans especially young people to develop themselves a confidence in dealing with different situations that life brings to them. Number of stably happy families maintains and improves divorce decreases society is higher in standards the sylvan is stronger. The best way to get the Prevention Plan maximized its power is to publicize and popularize them as a guide for premarital, engaged, or long-termed couples.The therapists, professionals, or mentalists of Marital mental Healthcare need to know about and encourage the couples to apply it. The plan should be also introduced to people by media like Science newspapers, Family or Health magazines, the online articles In order to get more results, the government also should legalize the law that each premarital couple have to take mandatory Marriage and Family course in order to have better perspectives of what they are going to face in the near future and to give them a chance to conceive if what they are doing is right or wrong.This will raise a flow of opposing ideas from media and public about imposing and frustrating premarital couples. This Prevention working means the rate of marriage of U. S. will decrease in some way also due to the cut way of couples who realize they are not ready for marriage. The birth rate is also stable due to the couples already talked about children issues before marriage. There are absolutely less poor or foster-care children due to the number of broken families reduce. The childrens future life quality is more clearly defined in a positive way. 1Divorce rate decrease can lead to many social advantages and benefits to both people and government. My plan simply gives a little help to the couples that will be the future husbands or wives. Hopefully with its help, our nation will develop in a st able tempo. Though my plan plays as a tool to prevent Divorce for couples before marriage, it is the most important when the couples themselves are willing to do what the plan says. References 1. How do you know that you married the right person? Available http//www. marriagemax. com/prevent-divorce. asp 2. Prevent Divorce before you get married. June 22, 2009. Available http//www. crosswalk. com/family/marriage/prevent-divorce-before-you-get-married-11605052. html 3. Wellness Primary Prevention. Material. 4. Primary Prevention and its technology. Material. 5. Marriage and the family Diversity and Strengths (7th Edition). Olson-DeFrain Skogrand. Chapter 9 Friendship, Intimacy, Friendship. Material. 6. Preventing Divorce Before you dictate I Do. January 30, 2007. Available http//voices. yahoo. com/preventing-divorce-say-do-177817. html

Supply Chain

Module tot up MO0358 Strategic Supply Chain Management (Individual Project) de moreover 1. 1 Objective Supply bowed stringed instrument wariness = Order to Cash. As my group project is round Burberry picture cooking stove caution so I would alike to further explain it here and show you how Burberry successes after apply furnish focussing. 1. 2 The background familiarity of BURBERRYBURBERRY is established in London, unify Kingdom in 1865 by Thomas Burberry. The Business concept of Burberry is Fashion & Luxury. At the end of 2007, Burberry started supply chain management in their contrast and hope that great deal delivered opulence and lifestyle intersection point to customers at to a greater extent than 208 concessions within department stores and digital commerce, plus 44 outlets and 192 mainline stores e truly bureau the world and Burberry employs to a greater extent than than 30,000 people to operate the telephone circuit smoothly.Burberry offers trend for women, men, and children, in addition sells their own-brand beauty, cosmetics and perfume. Burberry has own movery at London Castleford but respectable produce trench coat and approximately force items. And now Burberry buys its goods from around 100 independent supplies, mostly in Asia and Europe. Burberry corporate with suppliers to develop huge- verge, sustainable companionable and environmental standards in the factories for produces Burberry senior mellow calibre mathematical products. Burberry r to each onees the customers finished two sales channels stores and online.The store is the most important for Burberry as the customers backside notice the product, post it on and feel the products. Burberry is expanding their business saucilyfound offerings and via novel channels such as internet/ online business, the advantages of offering new channel argon customers able to cuckold online, it potentiometer to let customers brook the freedom of resource to choose the sales channel that suits customer best at that moment. Burberry stores ar spread all(prenominal) over the world. It ignore be found in United Kingdom, Europe, North America, the Middle East and Asia.And according to their annual report China result be their very critical regions for their business so Burberry juts to establish more stores in China in the coming year. Burberry is growing not only by turning to customers in new stores and new places. It is at least equally important that the accompany continually develops. Their carriage categories ar including menswear, womenswear and childrenswear. Fragrance & beauty course of study was in the dieing position of the Asia market two years ago. Accessories category contains eyewear, scarves, watches and bags. Supply chain managementAccording to Mentzer, et al (Ballou, 2004), Supply chain Management (SCM) is defined as the dodgeatic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics ac ross these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purpose of improving the long-term deed of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole (p. 5). In read to balance end customers hires and the hit for profitable growth, Burberry has moved aggressively to manufacture an efficient and successful supply chain management an efficient and successful supply chain management system.It must crap five basic genes that are considered and acted upon. These comp atomic number 53nts stomach help oneself to enhance revenue, control be and asset utilization as puff up as customer satisfaction. They are including planning, sourcing, make, delivery, and return which is uniform as the supply chain of Burberry preys from ideas and design, production, distribution centre, call-off, store, finally to the customer. In this paper, each of these components willing be discussed in the keeping paragraphs. 3. 0 Planning F irst step of supply chain management is planning .The planning component is critical to the success of a good supply chain management system. Therefore, from Burberry year annual report, we abide see Burberry do reviews their brand performance of business each year and well plan for next year. Also they will review by each age to make authorized everything planned are on tracked. Refer to Burberry 2007 annual report we noticed they mentioned will start supply chain management and besides put a lot of notes to buy rake system as their only curriculum of their system in tramp to use up Burberry business to globularization.It shows the main objective to any schema a business industry chooses should be to have materials available at all meters in order to come across the smooth flow of caution for their business while keeping addresss to a lower place control. At the beginning of season, Burberry sourcing group and product development, lineament control, designer , me rchandising planning and buyers will have big meeting to review what the trend is , product and material will be launched for next season in order to plan the strategy.Buyer also will give souring team an approximately order quantity for souring team to give mill in order to prepare raw material, trims etc , to castrate lead- cartridge holder and to have materials available at all times in order to ensure the smooth flow of care while keeping costs under control. 4. 0. Sourcing 4. 1. Raw material Burberry applies cost management and whole tone control monitor in their supply chain system Cost is the key factors determining Burberry more successful in the fashion changing market. The raw materials are sourced locally in different regions for cause China, Korea, Thailand and Japan.Benefit is can uphold the transportation cost and expenses with uniform gauge. Burberry souring team will negotiate the cost with supplier by using long term business, letter of credit and payment in time in order to make sure they can have better price to hit target. However, product quality will be enhanced in terms of through sourcing better production technologies and new materials internationally. The purposes of sourcing are to know or explore more new suppliers with advanced Garment Production organisation/ Technology which able to accelerate the production speed so that shorten the lead-time.In addition, that strategy can en somale the inter-specific competition among the existing suppliers by the importing new suppliers. Existing suppliers will contact Burberry actively and offer the attractive conditions with the aim of getting Burberry orders. That is the most utile method controlling the price and maintains the superior product quality of global souring 4. 2. Quality Control Burberry is a luxurious brand in fashion industry and in order to maintain high quality products to their customers, all suppliers and manufactures are unavoidably to meet AQL (Acceptable Q uality Level) standard with 2. requested by Burberry. AQL 2. 5 means if an order is 10,500 units, they want a 2. 5 AQL they can have 14 defective units or less from the 315 that they inspect. Moreover, suppliers necessity to submit lab examen report to prove quality sell to Burberry are good and no harm for customer . To provide good quality material for making high quality final goods, Burberry based on mainland China garment rules and international standard to make a standard and all supplier subscribe to to follow it to do the testing, if fail in the testing result, suppliers and manufacturers aptitude be cannot carry on or allow to process orders in the next season.Burberry QC team will also uninterruptedly by month or by week to inspect supplier and factories in order to make sure their provided product can meet Burberry standard. However, even AQL (Acceptable Quality Level) standard with 2. 5 and lab test report applies on all Burberry products and AQL 2. 5 is very high s tandard but still have defective items can be found . 5. 0. Make Under supply chain strategy, the process of Make is to provide high quality products in lower cost, so that Burberry can save the cost to gain more profit. 5. 1. Co-markershipBurberry has their own standard on selecting raw material suppliers, which also curb the number of suppliers, this can help them to have a better control on the product quality. Burberry has more than 200 independent suppliers for outsource the production. Burberry has good temperament in maintaining the relationship with all suppliers, by producing Burberry luxury product, stable order volume, guarantee payment and letter of credit etc. Furthermore, Burberry always communicates and reviews the action plan with suppliers every season.To enhance the relationship with suppliers, the key factor is to have a good coordination and linkage with them. Burberry frequently provide training program for vendors, in order to maintain their production standa rd. What is more , Burberry has a firm appraisal to suppliers, which provide feedback to suppliers for better improvement. The production sites of Burberry are global sourced from over the world such as China, Turkey, Thailand, Macau, Singapore, Portugal, Romania and Hong Kong.The advantage is to essentially cut down the dig expenses, with the bulk production so that enhancing Burberry at the competitive position in the global fashion fabrication by maximizing the margin of profit to the fashion business. For selecting new vendors/suppliers for encourage business, Burberry has carries out auditors (internal and external) to evaluate the suppliers qualification before cooperating The criteria including lead time, quality, quantity, preventive, guarantee, handiness and flexibility etc, especially Corporate Social righteousness (CSR) standard.Any supplier cannot approve by Burberry CSR team, Burberry will not allow that factory to produce their product to ensure Burberry product meet on high quality and corporate social responsibility. However, Burberry is not easy to find qualified supplier because Burberry respect the rules and some ontogeny countries cannot meet Burberry regulation such as condom work environment, labor children, illegal pay and abuse , these problems are always found in these countries.Moreover, safety working environment, healthy and compliance with local environmental legislation also are the other challenges for Burberry because they found that most developing countries do not phrase the occupational safety and health regulation and environmental organization. These countries do not install the legitimate fire device in the factory or skeletal frame up a health and safety working place for the staffs, it absolutely disobey the rules of Burberry. Brand image will be also affected by these negative news.When souring new supplier Burberry confront the political environment problem. For good example in Thailand, they do not have a stable business environment. The anti-government demonstration caused the Bangkok city in turmoil. It make factory cannot ship out any goods from the airport. As long as riddled with corruption, smooth normal security, terrorism and robbery always happened. We can see that these factors might not provide stable business environment for producing Burberry product. And Burberry also will consider kind of factors to choose supplier.To solve these problems, I would like to send word Burberry dont put all orders in 1 supplier in order unstable conditional happen again. The fighting sources with competitors as also one of the challenges for Burberry as Burberry get by some factorys capacity with others fashion brand for example Polo Jeans, Armani exchange, Marks and Spencer, Gap and J. Crew etc. Therefore, Burberry engages to keep a good relationship with all suppliers to ensure sufficient providing source. 5. 2. Outsource Burberry has 3 global licensing agreements of fragrance and beauty (by interparfums), watches (by Fossil) and eyewear (by Luxottica).In order to make sure the quality of non-apparel products are in a high standard, all licensing can provide professional knowledge and technology of product and it can helps Burberry reduce cost on innovation for non-apparel products. Burberry sourcing teams, quality control teams and CSR team work closely with these partners on product development, quality control, CSR, trade and distribution activities, and will conduct regular reviews to ensure compliance with the term of its license agreements.Outsource for Burberry is very important because Italys fragrance and beauty is expertise because they have long history in this theatre so it is the best in the world, the eyewear technology in Guangdong, China is the best and reasonable. Hence, Burberry enables to sell the licensing to them in order to maintain better quality. 5. 3. Information System deplete According to Burberry globalized organization, Burb erry has 444 worldwide retail shop and over 31 countries operation. Therefore, different parties will create a lot of information of product.Burberry supply chain system is a technology that to improve information to become more systematic. Started from 2008, tucker out is the only system platform for Burberry it can help to collect information, data and share within the organization. It also can monitor the delivery schedule to ensure everything are on tracked. SAP system is the market and technology leader in business software solutions, providing comprehensive business software through SAP applications, returns and support. SAP can manage system and analysis at the same time, It helps Burberry to draw data and use this platform to do an analysis of brand performance.This information can help making decision by the management team to increase competitive advantages, such as production life cycle analysis, raw material forecasting, marketing planning and inventory review. So that everything can be counted and measured by using SAP system. Famous and international company would prefer using SAP system, as these company has different branch portion over the world. By using SAP system can help they no limitation on different district. 6. 0. Delivery Transportation is one of the main processes of delivering and distributing goods.It may involve more than one place during the transportation, such as place to store and place to sell. 6. 1. SAP system In Burberry, SAP provides a systematic format to handle information transmission, and it brings a dramatic impact to Burberry. For example, SAP system has an consummate control on the raw material lead time, which means factories have plenty of time on mass production consequently, it reduces shipment delay. Furthermore, due to the well control on the production period, Burberry has plenty of time to ship the goods by sea instead of air.The most obvious outcome is the reduction of logistic cost. 6. 2. DHL third com pany Moreover, Burberry is in collaboration with DHL 3rd party global to in charge of final goods delivery. They are responsible to collect final goods from different factories, and providing come up to delivery service to relative DHL Global centerfield (UK, USA, Spain ,HK), then they distribute the goods to local retail stores. Due to this professional & tailor-make service provided by DHL, Burberry reduces the need for warehousing at destination, which means this part of expenses can be reduced.Even though worldwide retail shops and operation offices are closed after work, DHL can provide 24 hours logistic services and its reliable springer clearance, which can help to speed up the delivery process, so it can secure the delivery time. For example, new product can be launched in the retail store in time, quick move inventory to distribution centers by special requested. 7. 0. Return at present customer would like to have a engaging shopping experience, they all dont like to r eturn to retail outlets or companies. Customers want to have sales approaches, lowest price and friendly service for every product.Consumer prefers more and would like to shop at one stop shopping centers. Burberry is using some of the supply chain techniques to cut costs like given vendor to manage the inventory by using inventory tracking and sales in individual stores and cross-docking fast-moving items. Now, Burberry has more convenience, selections, and reasonable price 8. 0. windup In my opinion , Burberry applies supply chain management is a important and correct direction because it can offers a great deal of benefits including sourcing , reduce cost , quality control, product category and quality advantages to Burberry fighting with its competitors.In refer to Burberry annual report, their business are sacking up and up. It is very vital for Burberry continuously maintaining high reputation . As well as Burberry are facing some competitions in sourcing suppliers directly , so needs to find others or potential suppliers to cooperate To ensure the good relationship between supplier with better price, Burberry should keep the stable and regular society in long term. This could highly enhance its talk terms power.In order to having the good quality and lowering the cost (to enjoy more profits) at the same time, Burberry need to do more research on decision good suppliers and manufactories in different countries. Even it has long historical experience Burberry should keep doing research and hex up with the new/ latest trend Burberry also need to shorten the lead-time from the process of supply chain progress . In order to meet the demand and needs in the future. I think that Burberry need to shorten the lead-time of manufacturing and transporting time such as pre-book some raw material.In constant, the challenges of global sourcing are some perplexing factors need to be manage and consider in selecting the suppliers from different country, e. g. polit ical environment, countrys textile quotas and exchange rate. To manage those risks, the top management requires long term perspective in defining the companys goal and strategy. In order to implement global sourcing successfully, it also requires the experience and commitment of the management in managing the risks and understanding the foreign regulations.In addition, H outsources all the production to over 200 suppliers, Burberry needs to maintain the good and long-term relationships with all the existing suppliers. despite it is rich in challenges and difficulties when conducting sourcing globally. Social Responsibility is one of indispensable factors to be considered. Balancing Social Responsibility and Business Benefits is the real challenges for Burberry If Burberry does not manage its supply chain correctly, it would lose profits because they are providing products at lower costs than its competitors, so they must also receive lower prices from its suppliers.Therefore, the s upply chain of every company should not be overlooked as it may lead to a loss in profits, revenues, and even the company itself. 8. 0. Reference Burberry Group Plc. (2012, Nov 09). Retrieved from Burberry iconic British Luxury Brand Est. 1856 http//www. burberryplc. com/ Chan, Chi Kin, and Lee, H. W. J. palmy Strategies in Supply Chain Management. Pennsylvania Hershey, 2005. Chopra, Sunil and Meindl, Peter. Supply Chain Management Strategy, Planning, . New Jersey velocity Saddle River, 2007.Supply ChainModule Number MO0358 Strategic Supply Chain Management (Individual Project) INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Objective Supply chain management = Order to Cash. As my group project is about Burberry supply chain management so I would like to further explain it here and show you how Burberry successes after apply supply management. 1. 2 The Background of BURBERRYBURBERRY is established in London, United Kingdom in 1865 by Thomas Burberry. The Business concept of Burberry is Fashion & Luxury. At the end of 2007, Burberry started supply chain management in their business and hope that can delivered luxury and lifestyle product to customers at more than 208 concessions within department stores and digital commerce, plus 44 outlets and 192 mainline stores over the world and Burberry employs more than 30,000 people to operate the business smoothly.Burberry offers fashion for women, men, and children, also sells their own-brand beauty, cosmetics and perfume. Burberry has own factory at London Castleford but just produce trench coat and some core items. And now Burberry buys its goods from around 100 independent supplies, mostly in Asia and Europe. Burberry corporate with suppliers to develop long-term, sustainable social and environmental standards in the factories for produces Burberry high quality products. Burberry reaches the customers through two sales channels stores and online.The store is the most important for Burberry as the customers can see the product, try it on and feel the products. Burberry is expanding their business new offerings and via new channels such as internet/ online business, the advantages of offering new channel are customers able to shop online, it can to let customers have the freedom of choice to choose the sales channel that suits customer best at that moment. Burberry stores are spread all over the world. It can be found in United Kingdom, Europe, North America, the Middle East and Asia.And according to their annual report China will be their very critical regions for their business so Burberry plans to establish more stores in China in the coming year. Burberry is growing not only by turning to customers in new stores and new places. It is at least equally important that the company continually develops. Their fashion categories are including menswear, womenswear and childrenswear. Fragrance & beauty category was in the spark advance position of the Asia market two years ago. Accessories category contains eyewear, sca rves, watches and bags. Supply chain managementAccording to Mentzer, et al (Ballou, 2004), Supply chain Management (SCM) is defined as the systematic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purpose of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole (p. 5). In order to balance end customers demands and the hit for profitable growth, Burberry has moved aggressively to build an efficient and successful supply chain management an efficient and successful supply chain management system.It must have five basic components that are considered and acted upon. These components can help to enhance revenue, control costs and asset utilization as well as customer satisfaction. They are including planning, sourcing, make, delivery, and return which is same as the supply chain of Burberry flows from ideas and design, production, distribution centre, call-off, store, finally to the customer. In this paper, each of these components will be discussed in the following paragraphs. 3. 0 Planning First step of supply chain management is planning .The planning component is critical to the success of a good supply chain management system. Therefore, from Burberry year annual report, we can see Burberry do reviews their brand performance of business each year and well plan for next year. Also they will review by each season to make sure everything planned are on tracked. Refer to Burberry 2007 annual report we noticed they mentioned will start supply chain management and also put a lot of money to buy SAP system as their only platform of their system in order to bring Burberry business to globalization.It shows the main objective to any strategy a business industry chooses should be to have materials available at all times in order to ensure the smooth flow of care for their business whi le keeping costs under control. At the beginning of season, Burberry sourcing team and product development, quality control, designer , merchandising planning and buyers will have big meeting to review what the trend is , product and material will be launched for next season in order to plan the strategy.Buyer also will give souring team an approximately order quantity for souring team to give factory in order to prepare raw material, trims etc , to shorten lead-time and to have materials available at all times in order to ensure the smooth flow of care while keeping costs under control. 4. 0. Sourcing 4. 1. Raw material Burberry applies cost management and quality control monitor in their supply chain system Cost is the key factors determining Burberry more successful in the fashion changing market. The raw materials are sourced locally in different regions for example China, Korea, Thailand and Japan.Benefit is can save the transportation cost and expenses with similar quality. B urberry souring team will negotiate the cost with supplier by using long term business, letter of credit and payment in time in order to make sure they can have better price to hit target. However, product quality will be enhanced in terms of through sourcing better production technologies and new materials internationally. The purposes of sourcing are to know or explore more new suppliers with advanced Garment Production System/ Technology which able to accelerate the production speed so that shorten the lead-time.In addition, that strategy can stimulate the inter-specific competition among the existing suppliers by the importing new suppliers. Existing suppliers will contact Burberry actively and offer the attractive conditions with the aim of getting Burberry orders. That is the most effective method controlling the price and maintains the high product quality of global souring 4. 2. Quality Control Burberry is a luxurious brand in fashion industry and in order to maintain high q uality products to their customers, all suppliers and manufactures are needs to meet AQL (Acceptable Quality Level) standard with 2. requested by Burberry. AQL 2. 5 means if an order is 10,500 units, they want a 2. 5 AQL they can have 14 defective units or less from the 315 that they inspect. Moreover, suppliers need to submit lab test report to prove quality sell to Burberry are good and no harm for customer . To provide good quality material for making high quality final goods, Burberry based on china garment rules and international standard to make a standard and all supplier need to follow it to do the testing, if fail in the testing result, suppliers and manufacturers might be cannot carry on or allow to process orders in the next season.Burberry QC team will also regularly by month or by week to inspect supplier and factories in order to make sure their provided product can meet Burberry standard. However, even AQL (Acceptable Quality Level) standard with 2. 5 and lab test rep ort applies on all Burberry products and AQL 2. 5 is very high standard but still have defective items can be found . 5. 0. Make Under supply chain strategy, the process of Make is to provide high quality products in lower cost, so that Burberry can save the cost to gain more profit. 5. 1. Co-markershipBurberry has their own standard on selecting raw material suppliers, which also limited the number of suppliers, this can help them to have a better control on the product quality. Burberry has more than 200 independent suppliers for outsource the production. Burberry has good reputation in maintaining the relationship with all suppliers, by producing Burberry luxury product, stable order volume, guarantee payment and letter of credit etc. Furthermore, Burberry always communicates and reviews the action plan with suppliers every season.To enhance the relationship with suppliers, the key factor is to have a good coordination and linkage with them. Burberry frequently provide training p rogram for vendors, in order to maintain their production standard. What is more , Burberry has a regular appraisal to suppliers, which provide feedback to suppliers for better improvement. The production sites of Burberry are global sourced from over the world such as China, Turkey, Thailand, Macau, Singapore, Portugal, Romania and Hong Kong.The advantage is to essentially cut down the labor expenses, with the bulk production so that enhancing Burberry at the competitive position in the global fashion Industry by maximizing the margin of profit to the fashion business. For selecting new vendors/suppliers for cooperate business, Burberry has carries out auditors (internal and external) to evaluate the suppliers qualification before cooperating The criteria including lead time, quality, quantity, safety, guarantee, availability and flexibility etc, especially Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) standard.Any supplier cannot approve by Burberry CSR team, Burberry will not allow that factory to produce their product to ensure Burberry product meet on high quality and corporate social responsibility. However, Burberry is not easy to find qualified supplier because Burberry respect the rules and some developing countries cannot meet Burberry regulation such as safety working environment, labor children, illegal pay and abuse , these problems are always found in these countries.Moreover, safety working environment, healthy and compliance with local environmental legislation also are the other challenges for Burberry because they found that most developing countries do not formulate the occupational safety and health regulation and environmental organization. These countries do not install the legitimate fire device in the factory or build up a health and safety working place for the staffs, it absolutely disobey the rules of Burberry. Brand image will be also affected by these negative news.When souring new supplier Burberry facing the political environment problem . For example in Thailand, they do not have a stable business environment. The anti-government demonstration caused the Bangkok city in turmoil. It made factory cannot ship out any goods from the airport. As long as riddled with corruption, unstable public security, terrorism and robbery always happened. We can see that these factors might not provide stable business environment for producing Burberry product. And Burberry also will consider kind of factors to choose supplier.To solve these problems, I would like to suggest Burberry dont put all orders in 1 supplier in order unstable conditional happen again. The fighting sources with competitors as also one of the challenges for Burberry as Burberry share some factorys capacity with others fashion brand for example Polo Jeans, Armani exchange, Marks and Spencer, Gap and J. Crew etc. Therefore, Burberry needs to keep a good relationship with all suppliers to ensure sufficient providing source. 5. 2. Outsource Burberry has 3 global l icensing agreements of fragrance and beauty (by interparfums), watches (by Fossil) and eyewear (by Luxottica).In order to make sure the quality of non-apparel products are in a high standard, all licensing can provide professional knowledge and technology of product and it can helps Burberry reduce cost on innovation for non-apparel products. Burberry sourcing teams, quality control teams and CSR team work closely with these partners on product development, quality control, CSR, marketing and distribution activities, and will conduct regular reviews to ensure compliance with the term of its license agreements.Outsource for Burberry is very important because Italys fragrance and beauty is expertise because they have long history in this field so it is the best in the world, the eyewear technology in Guangdong, China is the best and reasonable. Hence, Burberry enables to sell the licensing to them in order to maintain better quality. 5. 3. Information System SAP According to Burberry globalized organization, Burberry has 444 worldwide retail shop and over 31 countries operation. Therefore, different parties will create a lot of information of product.Burberry supply chain system is a technology that to improve information to become more systematic. Started from 2008, SAP is the only system platform for Burberry it can help to collect information, data and share within the organization. It also can monitor the delivery schedule to ensure everything are on tracked. SAP system is the market and technology leader in business software solutions, providing comprehensive business software through SAP applications, services and support. SAP can manage system and analysis at the same time, It helps Burberry to draw data and use this platform to do an analysis of brand performance.This information can help making decision by the management team to increase competitive advantages, such as production life cycle analysis, raw material forecasting, marketing planning and inv entory review. So that everything can be counted and measured by using SAP system. Famous and international company would prefer using SAP system, as these company has different branch office over the world. By using SAP system can help they no limitation on different district. 6. 0. Delivery Transportation is one of the main processes of delivering and distributing goods.It may involve more than one place during the transportation, such as place to store and place to sell. 6. 1. SAP system In Burberry, SAP provides a systematic format to handle information transmission, and it brings a dramatic impact to Burberry. For example, SAP system has an accurate control on the raw material lead time, which means factories have plenty of time on mass production consequently, it reduces shipment delay. Furthermore, due to the well control on the production period, Burberry has plenty of time to ship the goods by sea instead of air.The most obvious outcome is the reduction of logistic cost. 6. 2. DHL 3rd party Moreover, Burberry is in collaboration with DHL 3rd party global to in charge of final goods delivery. They are responsible to collect final goods from different factories, and providing direct delivery service to relative DHL Global center (UK, USA, Spain ,HK), then they distribute the goods to local retail stores. Due to this professional & tailor-make service provided by DHL, Burberry reduces the need for warehousing at destination, which means this part of expenses can be reduced.Even though worldwide retail shops and operation offices are closed after work, DHL can provide 24 hours logistic services and its reliable customs clearance, which can help to speed up the delivery process, so it can secure the delivery time. For example, new product can be launched in the retail store in time, quick move inventory to distribution centers by special requested. 7. 0. Return Nowadays customer would like to have a pleasant shopping experience, they all dont like to retur n to retail outlets or companies. Customers want to have sales approaches, lowest price and friendly service for every product.Consumer prefers more and would like to shop at one stop shopping centers. Burberry is using some of the supply chain techniques to cut costs like given vendor to manage the inventory by using inventory tracking and sales in individual stores and cross-docking fast-moving items. Now, Burberry has more convenience, selections, and reasonable price 8. 0. Conclusion In my opinion , Burberry applies supply chain management is a important and correct direction because it can offers a great deal of benefits including sourcing , reduce cost , quality control, product category and quality advantages to Burberry fighting with its competitors.In refer to Burberry annual report, their business are going up and up. It is very vital for Burberry continuously maintaining high reputation . As well as Burberry are facing some competitions in sourcing suppliers directly , so needs to find others or potential suppliers to cooperate To ensure the good relationship between supplier with better price, Burberry should keep the stable and regular ordering in long term. This could highly enhance its bargaining power.In order to having the good quality and lowering the cost (to enjoy more profits) at the same time, Burberry need to do more research on finding good suppliers and manufactories in different countries. Even it has long historical experience Burberry should keep doing research and catch up with the new/ latest trend Burberry also need to shorten the lead-time from the process of supply chain progress . In order to meet the demand and needs in the future. I think that Burberry need to shorten the lead-time of manufacturing and transporting time such as pre-book some raw material.In constant, the challenges of global sourcing are some uncertain factors need to be manage and consider in selecting the suppliers from different country, e. g. political e nvironment, countrys textile quotas and exchange rate. To manage those risks, the top management requires long term perspective in defining the companys goal and strategy. In order to implement global sourcing successfully, it also requires the experience and commitment of the management in managing the risks and understanding the foreign regulations.In addition, H outsources all the production to over 200 suppliers, Burberry needs to maintain the good and long-term relationships with all the existing suppliers. Despite it is rich in challenges and difficulties when conducting sourcing globally. Social Responsibility is one of indispensable factors to be considered. Balancing Social Responsibility and Business Benefits is the real challenges for Burberry If Burberry does not manage its supply chain correctly, it would lose profits because they are providing products at lower costs than its competitors, so they must also receive lower prices from its suppliers.Therefore, the supply c hain of every company should not be overlooked as it may lead to a loss in profits, revenues, and even the company itself. 8. 0. Reference Burberry Group Plc. (2012, Nov 09). Retrieved from Burberry Iconic British Luxury Brand Est. 1856 http//www. burberryplc. com/ Chan, Chi Kin, and Lee, H. W. J. Successful Strategies in Supply Chain Management. Pennsylvania Hershey, 2005. Chopra, Sunil and Meindl, Peter. Supply Chain Management Strategy, Planning, . New Jersey Upper Saddle River, 2007.

Roger Chillingworth’s Journal

Doctor Roger Chillingworth July 21st 1646 The ministers health is fading. I fear that if I do not convalesce a solution to his ailment in short that he may die, leaving me without a meaningful patient. Maybe it is Hester Prynne that is the problem. She is the evil influence that is taking the last little bit of life he has left. I am ashamed to think that I was even minutely involved with her humankindy years ago. I used to be a good man but our terrible marriage corrupted me. All I know left is Mr. Dimmesdale. I have made him a concoction using plants I found on tombstones.I hope that these plants, which have grown from buried human hearts go out have an effect on him. If he dies then I will no longer have a patient to perform experiments on so I will have to slow my medical research until I find another ailing individual. It will be hard to find another individual with such a strong heart and a similar aura to the pastor. Also, a victim with enough assets to pay for my expense s. He knows that I have profited from his ailments and his weak frame. I do not see the Pastors recuperation as a likely scenario.I see that he is heading to his grave so I need to take as much energy from him in advance he passes on. Maybe it is the demon child Pearl that is causing his imminent death. She has her own sickness which I tried to cure previously, but was unable. The deep root evil in the child is something even the most skilled physician cannot remove with any medicine. You can see the malevolent spirit in her eyes. I wonder if the father of this child is the devil himself. Hester is too ashamed to name her father even years after the incident. One day I will find out how this child came to be.Perhaps I will go out again to the forest tonight and perform a ritual to try to find out the true father. I must find out soon, I am getting to be an old man and I fear my period in this town is limited if I cannot find another host. I shall take the pastor for a walk on the beach tomorrow trance I secretly gather ingredients for a spell. He has not been walking as well but I will still insist that he come. I must search into this matter further. If he questions me as he usually does, I will give him some medicine to calm him down.I have a draught I have made that will slow him down for a few days giving me the opportunity to control the situation. My intelligence service is far superior to that of Arthurs and I can use that to my advantage. It is true that he is a man of purity but he is also naive. He is the arrant(a) patient in every way. I hope that my medicines can extend his life for at least another year. He is a very noble-minded case, I must find out more before he leaves my care. I will continue practising on him until he expires. ,Roger Chillingworth

PlayStation 3 VS Xbox 360 Essay

Although PlayStation 3 are both great systems, PlayStation 3 the break buy. Both consoles have nasty features such as 3D motion gaming, unlimited music, and online play. Only one of these consoles can be consider the best of the best. The PlayStation 3 is by far the master console with its Blu-ray integration, amazing cell processor, and rechargeable wireless controller.The first difference is The PlayStation Network is free, whereas Xbox Live Gold charges a secondr yearly to use their services. After reservation one PlayStation purchase, a gamer does not have to worry about internet again. A person gets all the same features on PlayStation 3 for $250 dollars, plus twoscore extra gigabytes of memory. However, Xbox 360 costs $249 dollars plus fifty dollars for a one-year membership. Not including the fee of fifty dollars a person does not obtain the full features because they forever and a day have to worry about renewing their membership.Another difference is the PlayStation 3 controllers are rechargeable, while Xbox 360 controllers need batteries or other attachments. With the PlayStation 3 a gamer birth one controller with a chord to charge it. Also when the controller dies a gamer can hook it up to their PlayStation and it impart still play as it charges. In contrast, a Xbox 360 does not come with a rechargeable controller, a gamer constantly has to buy batteries or pay extra for attachments. With the Playstation3 having the rechargeable controller gives a gamer more gameplay.Last but not least, PlayStation 3 graphics seem more defined, but Xbox 360 graphics are often unrealistic and cartoonish. The PlayStation has Blu-ray player for better graphics and watching movies. Its very crisp and smooth because of the quick cell processor. On the other hand, Xbox 360 does not have Blu-ray capabilities and its processor is much slower. That makes the games and movies resolution much lower. The PlayStation 3 has faster andmore efficient technologies and that leads to better gaming experiences.Finally, with the free network that the PlayStation 3 has it will save a person more money than Xbox 360. Also having the rechargeable wireless controller with the PlayStation 3 a gamer is able to have more gameplay without pitiful about paying for batteries or extra attachments. Last, even though Xbox 360 has an unlimited amount of games, its graphics are not as realistic as the PlayStation 3. In conclusion, the PlayStation 3 is by far the better gaming system to buy.

John Locke Provisos Essay

John Locke was an English philosopher who had the idea that all people have rude(a) pay offs. Their natural counterbalances included that of life, liberty and retention and the idea of these rights being held by each individual is often said to be the primary influence of the Ameri prat solvent of Independence. Locke further explains his rationale behind natural rights in Two Treatises of Government and particularly property right in his Provisos, stating the conditions the get in property public or private.Lockes Provisos discusses the idea that property becomes private when a person labors upon the property. His reasoning that the belt down becomes the persons private property is that a person has the right to the fruits of his labor, and he also has the right to the resource that bore his fruits, in this case the property. As Locke says, He by his labor does, as it were, enclose it from the common (page 437). By this he means that by laboring over the land, the land is take n away from the relief of society, the common, and becomes the private property of the individual.Locke also believes that as much as a man tills, plants, improves, cultivates, and can use the product of, so much is his property (page 437). In this, he is stating that a man can own as much as can be useful to him claiming property in excess and non being able to make it productive is wrong because the property will then go to waste instead of bearing fruit. This is wrong because nothing was made by God for man to spoil or nullify (page 436) and having land lying to waste is along the same lines as ruining the land.This idea from Lockes Provisos follows from his idea of general property rights. He believes that land that has not been influenced by an individuals labor is land available for all of society. Man should still respect the land and not exploit it, but were it not for the corruption and viciousness of degenerate man, there would be no need of any other, no necessity that men should separate from this great and natural familiarity (page 441).However because mankind cannot be trusted, Locke believes that once a man does put forth effort to improve a piece of property, that land and the products of it belong to him. Although that land might belong to one man, it is still benefiting the rest of society because the provisions serving to the support of human life produced by one acre of enclosed and cultivated land are ten times more than those which are yielded by an acre of land of an equal richness lying waste in common (page 437). This is correspondent to the way in which both a farmer and society benefits from his harvest.The farmer and society both can receive nourishment from his harvest and what harvest goes to the rest of society, he is repaid for, which allows him to continue sowing seeds that will continue to nurture the common. A situation of private property that would conflict with one of the Lockean provisos is property that is acclaime d through forcing homegrown Americans to book with the American customs that were being imposed and the American rule, or to leave, such as with the Indian Removal operation that was signed into law in 1830.The Native Americans had worked the land and made it suitable to support their lifestyle and in the quest to achieve Manifest Destiny, nothing would hinder the determined minds of the Americans. According to Locke, the land in truth belonged to the Native Americans because they had labored on the land to make it prosperous. They did not exploit it they used the resources wisely and nothing went to waste with their minimalist lifestyle. With the Indian Removal Act that President Andrew Jackson signed into effect, all Native Americans had to be relocated to areas west of the Mississippi River.The Native Americans were removed on the basis that American colonizers necessitate the land and wanted to achieve Manifest Destiny. Another situation involving private property that woul d violate one of the Lockean provisos would be that of the government seizing land collect to unpaid taxes. In this situation, a farmer could have yielded a large harvest, but the demand for his crop declined greatly to the point that he is unable to make a large enough profit to pay his taxes.This could fall into a pattern for many years to come, eventually reaching the point that the government can no longer just keep putting the farmer into more debt. The farmer would have to claim bankruptcy and the government would seize his land. This would violate Lockes idea that the land a man works, is his. The farmer was doing the best he could, was benefiting society, and never consented to losing his right to his land, but the government took it away anyway.I believe that Locke mighty draws the line on private property because we have the right over our own bodies, and if the work of those bodies can combine with resources to create something, then we have the right to claim that prod uct and the resources we used to make it. No one else put forth the effort and therefore the fruit of our efforts are ours. I believe that ruffianly work deserves reward and that reward is the right to the product. As Locke says, The labor of his body and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his (page 436).

Poe’s Devices for Heightening the Effect of Terror and Horror in Short Stories Essay

Edgar Allan Poe, an Ameri hind end poet, critic and writer of the XIX-th century, is a world- recognised master of the repugnance genre. Poes Tales of Arabesque clearly demonstrate his genius for cultivation of closed book, terror, and macabre. The process of this shame cultivation is very subtle and complicated. Poe, like an artist of arabesque who intertwines and interlaces flowers into an elaborate pattern, weaves a net of mystery and horror and entangles the reader in it. Poe starts any work with consideration of the subject it would have on the reader.All other stages of chronicle creation and literary devices used for it depend on that chief(prenominal) effect. Thus, the genre of Poes works, their plot structure, type of chronicle, word choice, and imagery atomic number 18 the devices, with the help of which Poe creates and heightens the effect of terror and horror. Such works as The drum of Amontillado, MS Found in a Bottle, and The Fall of the House of bear witness serve as vivid examples of Poes sophisticated barely very telling horror creating technique. The effect produced by the work on its reader largely depends on the genre of this work.It is no mere chance that Poe chooses the genre of a scam story for his works of horror. On the one hand, a short story provides the writer with enough space to intrigue the reader, to rouse his interest in the plot. MS Found in a Bottle, for example, invites the reader to take part in a fantastic adventure in the midst of the stormy oceanic. On the other hand, the plot unfolds very quickly, leaving no time for reasoning and meditation, keeping the senses heightened and sharp. Thus the perception of horror deepens and strengthens.Short forms of a short story bind the reader to pay closer attention to all word, to every comma and exclamation mark. Words used to create the atmosphere of terror and mystery become more annotateful, more significant and profound metaphors grow into symbols, symbols to allegories. In The Cask of Amontillado, for example, the suspense of something awed increases with every step Fortunato makes into the depth of the Montresors catacombs, with his every cough, with every proposal of Montresor to come back.But the effect of horror is heightened not only by length of a story, but also by its plot structure. A very short introduction or its complete absence and the disjunction placed at the very beginning of the story put the reader into the coarse-grained of events at once. The events are mostly proleptic being unaware of their meaning readers start experiencing nervousness and alarm, they feel that some dark, arcane mystery is about to uncover. The reversal in a short story comes to the end and it always comes unexpectedly.With the help of this device the writer shocks the reader, greatly intensifying his horror. Thus, terrified with the gloomy atmosphere of the Rodericks stronghold and the constant sensation of trouble, the reader gets truly horri fied at the sight of Rodericks dead sister, lady Madeline, suddenly revived to life. The absence of a closing prolongs the shock from the terrible mystery uncovered or, as it is in MS Found in a Bottle, the mystery that can never be resolved. The manner in which the story is narrated is no less important for heightening the effect of horror than its very plot.Though all the three stories proposed for this study are narrated in the first person, they are told in various types of the first person. These types differ by four principal(prenominal) aspects. The first one is the part that the narrator plays in the story and his influence on the course of events. The narrator of the The Cask of Amontillado is the central figure of the plot, moreover, he is its moving force. The reality of the story is revealed to us through Montresors eyes and is estimated by him. The reader is always with the narrator and as the narrator is a murderer the reader becomes his unwilling accomplice to murd er.The horror of being a murderer is absolute. The narrator of MS Found in a Bottle is also the central figure of the plot, all the events happen to him and are described by him. Being always together with the narrator, the reader embarks on a dangerous, perilous, hair-rising adventure, which ends as unexpectedly as it begins. Unlike the previous two stories, The Fall of the House of doorman is not a story about the narrator. It is Roderick Usher who is in the centre of the plot, it is his mind and his life that we are interested in.But as we are with the narrator, who is an beholder and estimator of events, we can only feel the dark mystery of the House of Usher, but can not penetrate into. There is no greater horror than that of mystery and no greater terror than that of the unknown. The second aspect in which the three first person narrations differ is the use of tenses. Poe intentionally tells The Cask of Amontillado in the past and presents all the events in chronological ord er. This device helps the writer to show the mind and actions of an insane person, who carefully plans a murder and methodically carries it out.Because of such step- by-step discipline of the plot the feeling of horror progressively grows higher and sensations of terror deposit. In MS Found in a Bottle the writer builds up the narration in a way to bring the story closer to the reality and to the reader. Thats why he makes use not only of the past tense, but also of the present and even the present continuous. By describing the mysterious ship in the present the writer transports the reader on its deck, makes him feel the tossing of the ship, inhale the zesty air.The use of the present continuous in the very end of the story heightens the horror and despair of being amid a roaring, and bellowing, and thundering of ocean and of tempest. The syntactical structure of the final passage short abrupt sentences separated by dashes creates the effect of the stream of consciousness and m akes the reader not only the witness, but a participant of the final scene. The three main tenses of The Fall of the House of Usher- past perfect, past, and future expand the borders of the events narrated.The past tense helps the writer to describe Roderick Usher as a reserved, mysterious, gloomy, melancholic, and abnormally sensitive person. The flash back made into Rodericks childhood with the help of the past perfect shows that he has always been that diversity of person and all his ancestors were like him. The future shows that though the House of Usher fell the mystery of it will never be solved. Thus the sense of intolerable gloom and FEAR, which Roderick and his house arouse in the reader, roots in the ancient past and prolongs itself into the future.The final aspect that makes each of the three stories unique is the structure of the narration. The Cask of Amontillado is formed of a combination of dialog, monologue, and description. These are the dialogues here that are o f particular interest to the study. Dialogues of The Cask are short and abrupt. Answers given to the questions are brief and concrete ( Nitre? he asked, at length. Nitre, I replied. ). This device makes every single word symbolic. Dialogues here are the part of the imagery that helps to draw the picture of horror and expectation of threat. Dialogues of The House of Usher differ from those of The Cask.They are long, descriptive, and complicated. Some dialogues between the narrator and his friend grow into the monologues of Roderick. The final monologue of Roderick composed of disconnected and disconnected sentences shows the shock of horror Roderick experienced when he felt that Madeline was back from her tomb. This shock extends to the narrator and to the reader. MS Found in a Bottle consists of a single monologue. The changing speech of the narrator reflects his mood and influences the mood of the reader. But the main control of this monologue is to create the hostile, tense, an d gloomy atmosphere of the confusing reality.The main thing that influences the way in which the story effects the reader is the setting. Poe uses various stylistic devices to create a sinister setting and thus heighten the effect of horror and terror in his short stories. Metaphor is one of the most important stylistic devices. It enables the writer to describe implicitly the thing or concept for which there is no name in the common language, or a feeling which will admit to no analysis. Thus, for example, the supernatural wild ocean is named watery hell or chaos of water. Simile helps to describe the indescribable in a more explicit form.Such similes as amniotic fluid rear heads like demons of the deep, or crew glide like the ghosts of the buried centuries arouse associations with death, mystery, and myth. And the comparison of the windows of the house of Usher with blind eyes inspires us to take the house as a living creature, strange and dangerous. Another device, used to anim ate inanimate objects is personification. Whatever Poe personifies the wind (breath of wind), stamp down (obstinate silence), tempest (bellow of the tempest), or air (wild air) -it becomes brighter and more profound.Epithets carry out a chief function in creating the main images of the stories and drawing their sinister and horrifying settings. Thus, the ocean in MS Found in a Bottle is described as unfathomable, terrible and thundering the ship is gigantic and supernatural the house of Usher is melancholy and ancient, it has bleak walls, dark intricate passages, Gothic archways, vaulted ceilings, and it inspires a sense of unimaginable gloom and unredeemed dreariness the vaults of the Montresors are dark, damp and sombre. Poe frequently uses epithets that show the extreme quality, power, or size of an object described.Such epithets as intolerably igneous wind, extreme fury, immense pressure, terrific breakers, and colossal supports form the fantastic reality of Poes works. An i mmense impact on our senses and feelings is made by colour and infirm words. Poe paints his gloomy settings with four main colours black, red, grey, and yellow. These colours, however, never repeat those that we are used to, they are always unique and special. Poe sees every subtle hue of the colour and observes the way it behaves. Red, for example, is presented in two main hues dusky-red and blood-red it glares, streams down, or gleams in encrimsoned light.Red is the colour of blood and is therefore associated with pain and murder. Black, ebony black, and deep deplorable black are the colours of eternal night and pitchy darkness. They symbolise death, burial, fear, horror, and misfortune. Grey and leaden-hued arouse associations with ghosts, shadows, something elusive, mysterious, and imperceptible. Yellow or sickly yellow is traditionally regarded as the colour of disease, sickness, and insanity. The light in the stories is never bright but is always indiscrete, feeble, sluggish , faintly discernible, ghastly and mystic.And the gloomy setting created with the help of these hues of light can arouse in the reader nothing but the sensation of growing fear. In the conclusion it would be necessary to mention, that Edgar Allan Poe is an unsurpassed master of the horror creating technique. He uses such devices as genre, structure of the plot, type and structure of narration, vivid imagery, settings, colour, and light to heighten the effect of terror and horror in his short stories. The contribution he made into the development of the horror genre can not be overestimated.

I’M Black You’Re White Who’s Innocent Essay

Summary This paper is based on an article called Im Black Youre White Whos innocent by Shelby Steel. The article takes a go under that is against plausive action because it takes the independence away from people of color.The article Im Black, Youre White, Whos Innocent? is an analysis of the inkiness and ashen racist situation that America has been facing. It is a claim to the item that both the groups assimilate created the racist situation. Some washrags accept that the racist attitude that enforced slavery was due(p) to the fact that whites in innocence felt they were superior to relentlesss. The pursuit of role-convinced them they were entitled to it. Once convinced it was voiced to believed in innocence. Conversely, they were morally secure in their actions which led to centuries of subjugation. Their power was derived from the innocence, and that is why Steele called it innocence is power. Thus, racial spit out becomes the struggle of innocence. In the 1960s more wh ites began to realized they were non so innocent and so began the outlet of power.With that realization there seem to be a transfer of power to desolate people, as they became the innocents. Guilt, shame, innocence, and power all became integrated to leaving behind the factor we call racism. Shelby Steele is an English professor and wide read author who taught at San Jose State University for 20 years before taking a arrange as a fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. Steele claims that affirmative action is a double-cross of black Americans and he loathes affirmative action. Affirmative action presents a signified humiliation a Faustian great deal presented to minorities, for the hypocrisy and shameless self-congratulation it brings out in its white supporters. Steel believes the victimized self-image of blacks, slows individualism, initiative, and diminishes whizzs sense of possibility, while contributing to the demoralization of this ethnic group. In bit y ways Shelby Steele, makes a strong reason against affirmative action.One testament of this, according to Steele is the good will of the whites towards the blacks whose effect cant be seen until years later when it shows to be more harmful than beneficial. In the 1960s, whites were confronted with their racial guilt and blacks for the first clip blacks felt empowered. In this stormy time, white absolution and black power coalesced into virtual mandates in the law. In the later 60s and early 70s these mandates escalated from simple anti-discrimination enforcement to social engineering by means of quotas, goals, timetables, set-asides, and other forms of preferential treatment. This shift was due to the white mandate to achieve a rising racial innocence and the black mandate to gain power. In my opinion I believe Steel was saying that whites were trying to receptive their guilt by repairing the damages from the past by allowing black the appearance of more access to white societi es basics rights such as being able to get a good job , correct education and better housing.Conversely, many years later it allowed racism to fester within society create more harm than good. One example Shelby Steele used was the rate of job advancement. He attributes the differences between black rates of advance and those of other minority groups to white folks pampering. Most blacks, Steele claims, make it on their profess as voluntary immigrants train d nonpareilwere they not held back by devitalizing programs that presented a picture of is self as as somehow dissimilar to and weaker than other Americans. The claim remains that pass along depends upon recognition of black-white sameness. Steele argues, black America has adopted a model of morals in which it preserves the legacy of slavery and segregation in order to keep white America feeling guilty. I exclusively disagree with that comment because I feel that black people only want those would be oppressors to envisi on that it has been a struggle and by remembering where we have been will prevent things from going back that way.The conquering of blacks in the United States was the worst case of oppression in human history, and not discounting the American Indian. At the end of such a period, the designerly oppressed get busy building a new nation, and they farm a nation-building ethic. Those ethics value individuals who sacrifice for the good of the group and work hard to develop the talent and skills necessary to close the achievement gaps that naturally exists at first between the liberated groups and their former oppressors. Unlike other historical cases, blacks remain in the same society with their former oppressors. As white America faces past inequalities, they buffer it by making promises to eradicate poverty through large-scale federal official programs. Steele does not dismiss the legacy of slavery and persecution, and the economic and social subordination of black people as a respo nsible force leading to affirmative action in the first place.If anything, he argues that affirmative action, is societys repayment. Steele argues loudly that over the long run policies based on racial alternative serve only to prolong the social and economic disparity between whites and minorities. His position is that blacks will have to lift themselves out of poverty by dint of hard work, perseverance, and patience. Some blacks would disagree with that comment, but I for one believe that is the only way. reveling in self- pity will get you nothing and nowhere fast. In his analyze he states that today, most racism exists in the heads of people. They perceive themselves such that they become the perception. A white man sees a black and is immediately reminded of his guilt. The black remembers his innocence and the two combine to form a consanguinity that is perceived.Actions are based on imaginary perceptions prolonging the condition. The victimization criteria that the blacks a re so fond of is not an escape, rather, it is a bargain made that has recuperations that no one ever thought possible. The blacks in their victimization have become slaves to the guilt of the whites and thus, are still oppressed. The bargain they made was a necessary one at the time yet, today it chains the two segments of society in bonds of slavery making the bargain one that Steele calls Faustian. Seemingly powerful, it actually takes from them the power to be independent. It makes them lack the initiative to aim for something more than that which is pass out by the whites.Im black, youre white, whos innocent? Race and power in an era of blame By Shelby Steele Retrieved June 1, 2012http//www.harpers.org/archive/1988/06/0023431

Importance of Appearance Essay

People say appearance is not important, but plaining the most honored and noble people put appearance before other attributes of a person. Since societies bedevil been established, and even before, society has put on a great beat of enormousness on appearance. The amount of importance is shown in the novel Frankenstein, the hold, and in real life.My first example from the novel is from chapter eleven, when the prick arrived at the village and encountered humans. As the creature attempts to enter the cottage, he apologizes that, the children screamed and one of the women fainted. The whole village was roused. Some fled, few attacked me. I was horribly bruised by stones and numerous other kinds of missile weapons. The statement shows that the creature was immediately judged by the villagers solely on appearance, there was no chance given to even let the creature explain his purpose or actions. If appearance didnt dupe such a great amount of importance on it, the creature wou ldnt be attacked, and even his fate would be different.My second example is from the film when the creature first encountered humans other than his own creator before the creature ran away. As the creature took a loaf of bread off a food cart, the people thought it was just a regular thief in the town and they chased him down and tried to catch him. But as soon as they saw the creatures horrid face, they became more aggressive out of headache and tried to kill him.My last example is from the real world, where the amount of appearance on something or somebody matters, rather than a fiction novel, and shows how much importance we place on appearance in our society. effect from a research article from the Social Issues Research Centre, studies show that attractive children are more popular, both with classmates and teachers. This can cause social problems as some students look up and idolize their teachers. Also, attractive applicants have a better chance of getting jobs, and of rece iving higher salaries. This is why most famous people arent non attractive to society. Even in the justified U.S. courts, attractive people are found guilty less(prenominal) often, and when guilty, they receive less severe sentences.As you can see, society puts appearance in front of many things such as personality that matter more. Appearance has a great amount of importance in the novel, the film, and in real life. Whenever you meet someone new, think on what you decide first about them and even what they decide first, about you.