Intermediate Financial Management Free Essays

BA †316 Project Part 1 Identify an organization Look at budget summaries (from earlier years, at any rate one year) Conduct proportion examination. Use Dupont condition from results.. We will compose a custom article test on Middle of the road Financial Management or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Offer a budgetary expression Organize and Analyze Statements Make proposals †by what method will you improve the figure Strengths, shortcomings, and so forth. Section 2 Forecasting †Statistical Analysis Standard Goal of 10% Determine area of new assets (acquiring, issuance of stocks, capital) ? page to 1 page proposition before beginning undertaking Chapter 2 Homework †(5 , 9) Mini Case (a †I), (#12 for 08/31) *Mini Case (j †m) for 09/12 Correlation Coefficient - Degree of fluctuation Possibilities of economy on speculations ProbabilityRate of Return A Pessimistic. 2513% Likely. 5015% Optimistic. 2517% Realized Rate of Return Correlation Coefficient ***Calculate Correlation of Coefficient for these Stocks X, Y, and Z Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Avg? X8%10%12%14%16%12%3. 16 Y16%14%12%10%8%12%3. 16 Z8%10%12%14%16%12%3. 16 Correlation †A factual proportion of the connection between the paces of return of two resources Connection Coefficient †A factual proportion of the level of the connection between the paces of return of two resources. Emphatically Correlated †Describes two paces of return that move a similar way Negatively Correlated-Describes two paces of return that move in inverse ways ?= t=1n(ri,t-ri,avg)(rj,t †rj,avg)t=1nri,t-ri,avg2t=1nrj,t †rj,avg2 Yearrâ ? xryrz 18%16%8%Rxy= 2101410 3121212Rxz= 4141014 516816 Diversifiable Risk Company-explicit hazard Unsystematic hazard SP, NASDAQ, Dow Jones Non-Diversifiable Risk Market Risk Orderly Risk The danger of a portfolio relies upon the relationship coefficient of profits on the advantages inside the portfolio. 1. In the event that pace of return of two resources are impeccably decidedly associated, R = 1 2. On the off chance that pace of return of two resources are impeccably adversely connected, R = - 1 3. In the event that pace of return of two resources are free, - 1 R 1 Beta Coefficient †b Measure of the hazard that one resource can add to a portfolio ry = a + b(rM) When beta is sure, it implies that the stock moves with the market And the other way around if beta is negative Beta measures the non-diversifiable danger of an advantage. Discover Correlation Coefficient (as a portfolio) Calculate beta †Use SP What ought to be the danger of the portfolio? **Pick a couple Exxon BP Walmart Kroger Verizon ATT Toyota Ford CAPM †Capital Asset Pricing Model A model that portrays the connection between the necessary pace of return and the non-diversifiable danger of a portfolio rMrxryrz 55102. 5 1010205 1515307. 5 20204010 25255012. 5 30306015 r17. 517. 5358. 75 b1120. 50 ?111 bx= ? rx? rm? xm = ? x? m? xm SML Equation †ri = rrf + (rm †rrf)bi IF rm = 9% RRF = 3% bA = 0. 5 bB= 1 bC= 2 Slope of SML line gives the danger of the market, otherwise known as market chance premium. Part 3 †page 76 Optimal Portfolio Homework (#7) Covariance COVAB = i=1nrAi-rArBi-rBPi ProbabilityAsset AAsset BAsset CAsset DAsset E .158%4%12%2%4% .20861046 .3088878 .2081061210 .1581241612 r ? 88888 ?02. 522. 524. 662. 52 COV COVxy= ? x ? y(? xy) Solve COVBD, COVBE, COVCD Calculate chance without beta ?p= wx2? x2+(1-w)y2? y2+2w(1-w)? xy? x? y Two key elements for contributing How much is the pace of return What is the hazard in question If COV is enormous positive Portfolio standard deviation will be between the two independent deviations If COV is huge negative Portfolio standard deviation will be limited (lower than the most minimal one) Analyzing portfolio choices Asset AAsset B r ? 5%8% ?410 wawbr ? p 100%05. 0 75%25%5. 75 50%50%6. 5 25%75%7. 25 0100%8. 0 ?p ?stomach muscle = 1? abdominal muscle = 0? stomach muscle = - 1 Linear connection between increments in partition changes of benefit A versus resource B Percentage change in chance additionally stays consistent if impeccably decidedly or consummately adversely related Investigate budget summaries for venture, bring to class 09-28 r ? A = 5% ?A = 4% r ? B = 8% ?B = 10% wAwbr abdominal muscle = 1? abdominal muscle = 0 ? stomach muscle = - 1 100%0%5%444 75255. 755. 53. 90. 5 50506. 57. 05. 43. 0 25757. 258. 57. 66. 5 01008. 010. 010. 010. 0 Plot pace of profit for y-hub and hazard on x-pivot The plausible set will be resolved Most Efficient portfolio Provides greatest anticipated pace of come back with the least hazard. The capital market line Shows the likelihood that speculators could have a productive portfolio outside of the possible set Short-term acquiring and momentary loaning Step by step instructions to refer to Intermediate Financial Management, Papers

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Correspondence is the vital trade of understanding, information, considerations, sentiments between at least two individuals. Need to convey to any individual on the off chance that it isn't, at that point starts despondency, brought about by inadequacy of feelings, impressions, and the individual starts to need to impart just as in nourishment or water. By the manner in which an individual imparts in brain science for the most part partitioned individuals into two classes: thoughtful and outgoing (Hovland, Janis, and Kelley, 2013). Self observer - individuals, socio-mental cosmetics is portrayed by focus on his inward world, insularity. Self observers think about their most significant interests; give them the most elevated worth, for they are described by social lack of involvement and a propensity to thoughtfulness. Thoughtful person happily satisfies his obligations, yet doesn't care for the duty regarding the conclusive outcomes. For contemplative people run of the mill conduct related with increasingly agreeable isolation, inward considerations and sentiments, inventiveness or perception of the procedure. Thoughtful person can be a phenomenal researcher, specialist, onlooker, essayist or an individual business person. Outgoing person - a man whose mental qualities communicated in centering their inclinations in the outside world, the outer articles. Outgoing individuals impossible to miss conduct impulsivity, movement in the motions, informative, activity, social flexibility and receptiveness of the internal world. For social butterflies run of the mill conduct in which an individual looks for: to speak with individuals, consideration from others, support in open addresses, cooperation in packed occasions and gatherings. A social butterfly can be a brilliant speaker composed (regularly volunteer), official, oversee individuals, craftsman or performer. In which of the two sorts, you presumably know yourself? Maybe you were u... ...thdrawal from live correspondence and dependence on the Internet. The client doesn't see how he stops to meet with companions, all correspondence constrained interpersonal organizations. Consistently he goes to your pages to view or message came that intriguing going on in his companions and it turns into a propensity and we can not live calmly day, if not Go on the web, and it is as of now away from of enslavement. Other than overreliance on informal organizations prompts a decline in effectiveness. Numerous businesses don't permit their representatives to go to the Internet during working hours, to follow even uncommon projects, they are glad to utilize. Coincidentally, in the event that you are utilizing such interpersonal organizations like twitter, at that point you can have it in a little salary. Obviously, to have an additional salary on microblogs you should put them in promoting, yet numerous administrations do simply concentrate on it to make it look as normal as could reasonably be expected.

Reported Buzz on American Government Essay Samples Uncovered

Reported Buzz on American Government Essay Samples Uncovered Definitions of American Government Essay Samples Essay writing is a complex approach. The argument in the persuasive essay has to be sound in reasoning and offer strong evidence to back up the writer's position on the subject. The topic needs to be relevant to the program work. This issue of a paper is something which holds paramount importance. Everything revolves around the central idea about what the author attempts to describe in the essay using their own thoughts. The author, as stated previously, appear to be hinting at the unvialibilty of a very good alternative for the two camps. He seems to dwell on the trivial matters on the part of the candidates. The very best government essays aren't political whatsoever, at least not in the feeling of an essay that's biased toward one political party or the other. At our essay service, they are always delivered in a short time. This essay was submitted by means of a law student. When you submit the scholarship essay you might have to wait to hear back from the college admissions to be able to learn how well you did. Broadly speaking, public resources have to be used for public purposes. Therefore, some sort of an agreed leadership system with well-defined kinds of authority is required to allow communities to accomplish their developmental targets. It ought to be intriguing so it can capture your audience and it ought to be specific enough that you could conduct a good research on it. Your thesis ought to be the absolute most interesting, explanatory, shocking idea you can defend. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on American Government Essay Samples Given the aim of the majority of health insurers to earn profit, it would be imperative for the government to take charge of offering health care to all American people because a lot of them won't receive health care unless they are prepared to pay more cash than they have. For keeping up a steady and upward financial growth The Government must attempt to earn the environment for business organizations suitable. The use of the government is to maintain or enhance the capacity of the nation and guard people's abilities without hurting them. The division into three branches maintains the standard of work of every branch with the support of the constant charge of the work of the 1 branch by the 2 others. Imagine whether there is no government, individuals may not understand what they are doing. Nobody has ever known as the structure of American government simple! There are higher taxes and smoke-free areas which make it inconvenient but it's still legal. To the contrary, the idea of equality doesn't imply equality of condition. Ironically, it's actually socialism that leads to the systematic exploitation of work. Furthermore, the American democracy promotes the idea of the bulk rule and the minority rights. American ideology can be affected by the media to permit a secret government to operate beyond the democratic principles of america. B. To delve into the problem of child labour laws, we must guarantee a sustainable financial formation for underdeveloped countries such as Nepal. Through the government, citizens are conscious of their rights and people who do not live by the set laws are punished. In the event the behavior can directly be linked to endangering another individual then yes it is the duty of the government. The writer should select a topic that could be displayed in a fantastic debate competition. To break free from what is happening in there country and to begin a new life. The entire family lived in a little apartment, all of us worked, and life was very basic. Sometimes it might be set up in a manner it transmits an excellent message or idea, when in reality it's not. Our school's party named CALPRIG is one of such parties, and is an excellent illustration of how youngsters can actually influence the situation in a given geographical position. For example, folks can be asked to pay taxes or observe traffic signs for the interest of interests of the majority. Neither government can make it possible for any kind of slavery unless it's punishment for a crime that an individual or people are convicted. It would be wrong to suppose that any government in the current world is ideal.

Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe - 1868 Words

In the same way every character is going to have a fatal flaw, backstory, etc. they re also going to have an inner driving force. Characters driving force is what authors use to rationalize their characters actions and explain the reasoning behind them whether it s ignorance or an incorrect belief. No one character is evil just for the sake of being evil and no one is without fault. Every character is just doing what they think is right. The protagonist of the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, a man named Okonkwo, lives in the Umuofia village of Nigeria in western Africa during the early 1900s, pre-european rule, and he is no exception. He is unlikeable and unsympathetic in many ways and it s easy to argue that his driving force and fatal flaw are one in the same; hubris. But I beg to differ, on many occasions Okonkwo proves it s not pride driving his actions but rather cowardice. This cowardice is manifested from his internalized misogyny, leads him to make many bad decisi ons, and though he rationalizes his actions to be what are expected of him it is shown that they aren t synonymous with his societies values. Throughout the book Okonkwo continually chooses bad courses of action. The beginning of the book establishes the root cause of Okonkwo’s misogyny. The following quote reveals that Okonkwo is not an inherently cruel character- nor is he intentionally trying to be harrowing, but rather his callous demeanor stems from what he found to be aShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1415 Words   |  6 Pagesbook Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe does just that. This book should be taught in schools because it shows the values and traditions of Achebe’s Igbo culture, persistently teaches life lessons throughout the book, and shows the darker reality of European colonialism in Africa. Chinua Achebe is known as one of the most influential and famous authors to ever write. Chinua Achebe originates from an Igbo background and he expresses that through his writings very well including Things Fall ApartRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe1324 Words   |  6 Pages Chinua Achebe chose to write his novels in English to reveal a deep response of his people to colonisation and to make that response understood to people all over the world. Things Fall Apart was written in English to teach people worldwide of the struggles he faced and the people of Nigeria faced growing up. Many authors and critics have written about Achebe’s ‘Things fall apart’ adding their valued opinion on what he was trying to say and his decision to write in English. In the followingRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pages who took their land for monetary gain. This was a dark period of time for Africans that live there. The U.S. Civil War and The Great Depression both can be related, in this instance, to how down their people were because of what happened. Chinua Achebe said it best, â€Å"I would be quite satisfied if my novels...did no more than teach my readers of their past...was not a long night of savagery from which the first European acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(qtd. in â€Å"Morning Yet† 45). In theRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1452 Words   |  6 Pagesassume control over the Roman Empire. However, imperialism in Africa remained a recorded element from 1750 to 1945. This paper visits how control and changes were influences over the Africans during this time period as seen through Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart. (UKEssays, 2015) Europe was experiencing a few financial and political changes that forced the major European forces to investigate abroad regions to add to their resources during the seventeenth century. In order for the EuropeanRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe2361 Words   |  10 PagesThings Fall Apart Book Critique Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a historical fiction novel describing the life of Okonkwo in a Nigerian village succumbing to European ways, in order to portray Achebe’s view on imperialism. It was chosen for us to read by our teacher because it describes imperialism and its effects in an Ibo village of Nigeria. It also shows the treatment of natives by the Europeans and how the natives reacted. Things Fall Apart is useful to our course of studies because itRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1265 Words   |  6 PagesThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is markedly relevant to our current course of studies in World History, as it tells a story based on European Imperialism in Africa. Coming off the heels of our Imperialism unit, this post-colonial novel provides very helpful context on different civilizations’ perspectives throughout the Age of Imperialism; aside from analyzing death tolls, descriptions of conflicts, and names of countries, it was previousl y hard to envision what life was actually like during thatRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe 735 Words   |  3 PagesThings fall apart. Achebe. Ernest Gaines once said, â€Å"I write to try to find out who I am. One of my main themes is manliness. I think Im trying to figure out what manliness really is.† Indeed, every society or culture has its own understanding of an ideal man. Even though these characteristics are different in various parts of the world, the significance of masculinity can never be overestimated. â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe is considered as one of the best examples of a riseRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe692 Words   |  3 Pagesthe way to go. Through commercial trading Islam spread into Igboland, and this led to more Igbo people leaving the Igbo way of life for another, whether it be Islam or Christianity which divide the country in two. In the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe British colonialism and the migration of Muslims to Nigeria led to the change in the faith, social and economic changes in the Igbo society. Traditional Igbo faith believes that there is only one creator or god known as ChinekeRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe897 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe the Igbo tradition revolves around structured gender role. Everything essential of Igbo life is based on their gender, which throughout the novel it shows the role of women and the position they hold, from their role in the family household, also planting women crops, to bearing children. Although the women were claimed to be weaker and seemed to be treated as objects, in the Igbo culture the women still provided qualities that make them worthyRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1851 Words   |  8 Pageschoice and styles are critical not only to the reader’s understanding of the text but to his appreciation as well. How language is effectively manipulated in their writings enhances the reader’s valuing of the works. The selected novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a representation of Igbo culture and their language. It explores the life of an Igbo tribe at the time of when colonization hit Africa. It could be considered as a post-colonial text, as the protagonist of the story and the other

Paper Ratio and Financial Statement Analysis - 2682 Words

Benefits and Limitations of Ratio and Financial Statement Analysis July 25, 2013 MGMT640 Executive Summary In corporate finance, both ratio and financial statement analysis are important tools that can be used in order to assess a company’s strength financially. They can be used in order to forecast a business’ prospective cash flow and ability to grow in the future, as well as a company’s strengths and weaknesses. Income statements, balance sheets, the statement of retained earnings, and the statement of cash flows are the four primary types of financial statements used in corporate finance. All of these financial statements serve to analyze a firm’s†¦show more content†¦For a firm, such as Microsoft, its revenue would come from products such as the computers, phones, tablets, and software it sells to consumers. On the other hand, for a consulting firm, such as Accenture, revenues would stem from the fees it charges for its consulting services contracts with various government agencies around the world. Both companies are providing a product to a cons umer, one simply happens to be a tangible product that people buy, while the other is a service product that agencies need for their functionality. Expenses are the costs a firm incurs while generating its revenues (Parrino, 2011). For Microsoft, expenses would stem from the costs of building its products, marketing them, developing new products, shipping them around the world, etc. For Accenture, expenses would stem from the cost of all of its consultants, which includes their wages, insurance, company laptops it provides to each of them, travel costs for sending consultants around the world on projects, etc. Again both types of firms exhibit expenses; some of them are just different. Net income shows the company’s revenue relative to its expenses. If revenues exceeds expenses then the company has a net profit and is â€Å"in the black† for that time period (Parrino, 2011). On the other hand, if expenses exceed revenues then the company has a net loss and is â€Å"in the red† for that time period (Parrino, 2011). By looking at financialShow MoreRelatedRatio and Financial Ratio Analyisis1712 Words   |  7 PagesRatio and Financial Statements Analysis Kimberly Y. Gruber University of Maryland University College Dr. Sunando Sengupta 07/25/2013 Turnitin Score: 23% Executive Summary The purpose of this paper is to examine ratio and financial statement analysis. Such analysis is a useful tool for managers and stakeholders to evaluate a company’s financial health in order to identify opportunities for growth and areas of weakness so as to institute corrective measures.   Financial statements are usedRead MoreFinancial Statements: Industry Comparison1557 Words   |  7 PagesFinancial Statements: Industry Comparison University of Phoenix BSA 500: Business Systems I Instructor: May 28, 2007 Financial Statements: Industry Comparison More often managers are exposed to financial data and the need exists to develop knowledge and understanding of financial accounting concepts and principals. Nearly all companies prepare financial statements of some type and the complexity of those statements will vary. The analysis and interpretations of financial statementsRead MoreEvaluating The Performance Of A Company1124 Words   |  5 Pagesand review of financial information and statements. Financial statement analysis is a method of reviewing and analyzing a company’s or organizations financial statements such as their balance sheets, income statements, and statement of cash flows. Financial statement analysis helps companies gain an understanding of the financial position of the company, results of their operation, and cash flow of their company, which is also the main purpose of financial statements. In this paper, I will discussRead MoreFinancial Performance Review and Objective1405 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MATHRUBHUMI PRINTIONG amp; PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED, CALICUT COMPANY PROFILE Mathrubhumi  is one of the front-runners among the Malayalam newspapers. The first copy of Mathrubhumi  was published on 18th of March 1923K. P. Kesava Menon, the prominent freedom fighter, as Editor and K. Madhavan Nair as Managing Director of it.In the beginning, the paper was published a week and had just one edition from Kozhikode (Calicut).Now with fourteen editions, includingRead MoreFinancial Performance Review and Objective1419 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MATHRUBHUMI PRINTIONG amp; PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED, CALICUT COMPANY PROFILE Mathrubhumi  is one of the front-runners among the Malayalam newspapers. The first copy of Mathrubhumi  was published on 18th of March 1923K. P. Kesava Menon, the prominent freedom fighter, as Editor and K. Madhavan Nair as Managing Director of it.In the beginning, the paper was published a week and had just one edition from Kozhikode (Calicut).Now with fourteen editions, includingRead MoreFinancial Trend Analysis Of Tata Steel Ltd Essay1257 Words   |  6 Pages TERM PAPER ON â€Å"Financial Trend Analysis Of TATA STEEL Ltd.† BY SAMIKSH SHARMA {A3146915005} B.Com (H) – Evening Class of 2015-18 Under the Supervision of: Dr . ATUL KUMAR In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) At AMITY COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND FINANCE AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, 2015-18 INDEX S.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO 1. TITLE PAGE 01 2. INDEX 02 3. DECLARATION FORM 03 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 04 5. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 05 - 06 6. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreFinancial Statement Analysis Paper1170 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS PAPER Financial Statement Analysis Paper Principles of Accounting ACC/300 Mr. John Opincar June 24, 2009 Abstract Landry’s has become a successful company over the years because the customers enjoy the specialty items that they serve on their menu. It has become a company that we enjoy taking our families out to dinner, celebrating birthday parties and certain special events. However, this paper will complete the financial analysis for the reportedRead MoreChuck E Cheeses1681 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica This paper was prepared for Financial Decision Making, MBU 652, Summer 2011, taught by Professor Howard S. Steed, PhD Abstract In this analysis paper I choose to learn about Chuck E. Cheeses. I demonstrate my understanding of the categories of Financial Statement Analysis, which includes – profitability, liquidity, activity and debt (leverage). Our class was assigned a company for financial scrutiny and to obtain financial statements (Balance Sheet, Income Statement, and Cash FlowRead MoreMethod Analysis Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesIn a 2 to 3 page paper, evaluate the three methods of analysis: horizontal, vertical, and ratio as explained in Chapter 9 of your textbook. Summarize each method, and discuss how the financial information is used to make a particular decision. Provide a scenario in a health care situation in which a given method of analysis might be used. Horizontal: Horizontal analysis, also called trend analysis, refers to studying the behavior of indi- vidual financial statement items over several accountingRead MoreThe Financial Status Of A Company1548 Words   |  7 PagesThe financial status of a company is a high priority for internal personal such as managers and external personal such as stockholders. The reason being that by developing financial statements and ratio analysis it allows all users to see the current and future status of a company’s financial state. Financial statements are beneficial, but have certain limitations that may cause issues, if unknown, when the company or individuals use them. This paper will discuss the benefits of ratio analysis and

Global Accounting Standards Vision Reality -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Global Accounting Standards Vision Reality? Answer: Introducation As per the financial statements report of Sai Global limited for the year 2015, impairment testing for several asset classes was carried out. Several intangible assets with goodwill are not amortized and they are further tested for annual impairment. In case frequency is more than once annually because of differences within situations or events it indicates that assets might are impaired and are mentioned within the annual report at less cost with accumulated impairment loss (Amel-Zadeh et al. 2016). Some different assets like the trade receivables along with property, plant and equipment with inventory are taken into impairment testing while there is an indication that the assets carrying amount might not be recoverable. Sai Global limited carries out a two-step process in impairment testing. The first step is to align by the fair value of reporting unit within its carrying value that includes the goodwill. In case the operating units carrying value is higher in contrast to the fair value, the second step associated with impairment testing must be conducted for ensuring the amount of impairment loss in case it takes place (Carlin, Finch and Manh Tran 2014). The second step explains the impaired fair value of reporting unit along with the carrying amount associated with the unit. In case the implied fair value is lesser in comparison to the carrying amount, certain charge of impairment is realized within the amount related to that excess. Such realized loss cannot be more than the assets carrying amount. The company experienced the below impairment expenditures for the end of the period on 30th June, 2015. Goodwill and Intangible Assets During such period, the company has explained a total impairment of $59841 ($77748 - $17907), out of which $841 was stated within the software, $ 9000 was mentioned for the consumer contracts and $ 50000 was mentioned for the IRU. Conversely, goodwill and brands are not accountable for the impairment (Benson et al. 2015). Intangible Assets and Goodwill Trade Receivables In the year 2015, the company represented an allowance for the impairment loss of $ 2563 in the year 2015 that was recorded to be $ 1748 in the year 2014. The company is associated in making estimates based on certain concerns for the future years. Such results of accounting anticipations through definition might be similar with associated real results (Bepari and Mollik 2015). For calculation of value-in-use certain estimations are considered such as: Discount rates Sales margin or EBITDA Growth rates using the extrapolate cash flows beyond the period of forecast As per the IAS 36 Impairment of Assets, it is gathered that it is a specific IFRS standard as it requires subjective interpretation that can be implemented with respect to the managerial requirements. In addition, it does not restrict the creative accounting. It is also recognized from the annual report of Sai Global limited that considerable subjectivity was associated at the time the management carried out the impairment test process (Kimbro and Xu 2016). It can also be evidenced that the allocation of goodwill to cash generating units along with recoverable amount computation while there is a lack of active prices regarding goodwill subject to the discretion. After critical analysis, it is gathered that the complex or confessing aspect of impairment is associated with the impairment indication. Even though such indications just focus on the internal as well as external signs concerning the assets impairment, the frequency of conducting such test for goodwill along with intangible assets just focus on the managements discretion (Bond, Govendir and Wells 2016). For this reason, there is a chance that the management might carry out test opportunistically in case there is a difference in value. It is elucidated that, impairment loss can be observed as certain variance within an assets recoverable amount along with an assets carrying amount. The recoverable asset is higher than the fair asset value subtracted from the value-in-use and disposal cost (Dye, Glover and Sunder 2014). Fair value is estimated by the asset within the active market or the sales agreement within which the asset trading is conducted or accessibility of important information in disclosing amount at which the company can sell its assets. In contrast, the value-in-use is deemed as present value related with future cash inflows that are anticipated to be gathered from cost of goods unit or asset as per IAS 36 (Khokan Bepari, Rahman and Taher Mollik 2014). In alignment with the IFRS 113 standard, ascertainment of fair value is conducted through below points: Sales agreement Asset value within active market within the asset trading is conducted Existence of quality information for revealing the amount at which the company might sell its assets For this reason, the fair value can be elucidated as selling price that is considered on the parts of both the seller and buyer through anticipating that the parties have conducted a free transaction. Numerous investments are deemed to have a fair value that is estimated on the behalf of the market within which trading of security is done (Gimbar, Hansen and Ozlanski 2016). In addition, fair value indicates the asset along with the liabilities value of a company while the annual report of the subsidiary company remains consolidated with a parent company. For example, of the shares of a company is trading within an exchange, the players within the market offers a bid through asking price of that share. In this condition, the investors might consider selling shares to the leader in the market at a bid price at the time of acquiring the shares from the market player within the ask price. Therefore it can be inferred that exchange can serve as the most trusted ascertaining technique rega rding shares fair value estimation (Jorissen et al. 2014). More than 50% of the companies employing IFRS or US GAAP are greatly impacted because of certain changes within accounting. As per the present status, the companies within IFRS or US GAAP have leased assets along with societies that amount to around $3.3 million, out of which more than 85% is not disclosed within the financial position statement as they are treated as part of operating leases (Mora and Walker 2015). For compensating the same, the investors are deemed to contain certain projections that are incomparable, inconsistent as well as inadequate. Therefore, it is evidenced that the previous standard of accounting failed in explaining the economic actuality. In consideration to previous accounting standards, a lot of companies are reported to be 85% of their leases that realizes the amount within the operating leases and it did not signify the ones mentioned within the companys financial position statement. Even if the operating leases are not recorded within the financial position statement there has been certain generation of actual liabilities (Pacter 2014). While at the time of financial crisis there are certain retail companies that turned out to be bankrupt as they failed to adjust the updated economic reality in a better manner. In addition, the company had considerable amount of commitments in accordance with long term operating leases and their financial position statement is observed to be lean drastically. The previous accounting system is accordance with the lease might result in lack of comparability. The industry in which the company operates accounts for a great amount of leases in the operating leases. Along with that the record is not prepared under the financial position statement of the company (Wen and Moehrle 2015). For this reason, as the company is involved in leasing all its products that is not identical to its competitors acquiring all its products. Conversely, the financial obligations of the two types of companies are not that identical. This also indicates that there is a lack of level playing field within the company. With emergence of a new standard, all such leases might be responsible for reforming the assets along with lessees that might record them in the liability form. For this reason, it is anticipated that such type of issue might get resolved. Certain changes within accounting standard are likely to have an impact on more than half of listed organizations and they are deemed to be famous in the companies. The major cause behind this is that such changes might result in controversies and might lead to warning impacts in consideration to negative economic situations and expenses associated with the variations within the system. In addition these alterations might have increased commercial impacts (Yao, Percy and Hu 2015). In consideration to new standard of accounting, it is gathered that most of the companies are treating operating leases as an aspect of off-balance sheet aspects. For this reason, the investors along with financial statement users do not attain an efficient insight of the companys financial situation (Sai Global limited. 2018). This restricts the company in contrasting leasing assets with the purchasing assets of the company. Moreover, this new standard is anticipated to update IFRS 16 and this is estimated that it might greatly outweigh the expenses that might result in highly informed decisions associated with investment. Ii can also be indicated that the lease against the decisions regarding purchases in a better manner on the behalf of the management. References: Amel-Zadeh, A., Faasse, J., Li, K. and Meeks, G., 2016. Stewardship and Value Relevance in Accounting for the Depletion of Purchased Goodwill. Benson, K., Clarkson, P.M., Smith, T. and Tutticci, I., 2015. A review of accounting research in the Asia Pacific region.Australian Journal of Management,40(1), pp.36-88. Bepari, M.K. and Mollik, A.T., 2015. Effect of audit quality and accounting and finance backgrounds of audit committee members on firms compliance with IFRS for goodwill impairment testing.Journal of Applied Accounting Research,16(2), pp.196-220. Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairments by Australian firms and whether they were impacted by AASB 136.Accounting Finance,56(1), pp.259-288. Dye, R.A., Glover, J.C. and Sunder, S., 2014. Financial engineering and the arms race between accounting standard setters and preparers.Accounting Horizons,29(2), pp.265-295. Gimbar, C., Hansen, B. and Ozlanski, M.E., 2016. The effects of critical audit matter paragraphs and accounting standard precision on auditor liability.The Accounting Review,91(6), pp.1629-1646. Jorissen, A., Lybaert, N., Orens, R. and Van Der Tas, L., 2014. Constituents Participation in the IASC/IASBs due Process of International Accounting Standard Setting: A Longitudinal Analysis. InAccounting and Regulation(pp. 79-110). Springer New York. Jorissen, A., Lybaert, N., Orens, R. and Van Der Tas, L., 2014. Corporate participation in the due process of international accounting standard setting: An analysis of antecedents. Khokan Bepari, M., F. Rahman, S. and Taher Mollik, A., 2014. Firms' compliance with the disclosure requirements of IFRS for goodwill impairment testing: Effect of the global financial crisis and other firm characteristics.Journal of Accounting Organizational Answer:mbro, M.B. and Xu, D., 2016. The accounting treatment of goodwill, idiosyncratic risk, and market pricing.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance,31(3), pp.365-387. M Carlin, T., Finch, N. and Manh Tran, D., 2014. IFRS compliance in the year of the pig: Hong Kong impairment testing.Journal of Economics and Development,16(1), p.23. Mora, A. and Walker, M., 2015. The implications of research on accounting conservatism for accounting standard setting.Accounting and Business Research,45(5), pp.620-650. Pacter, P., 2014. Global accounting standards-from vision to reality.The CPA Journal,84(1), p.6. Sai Global limited., 2018.[online] Available at: https:// Sai Global limited.au/investor-centre/reports-presentations-and-resources/annual-reports/ [Accessed 9 Jan. 2018]. Wen, H.J. and Moehrle, S.R., 2015. Accounting for goodwill: A literature review and analysis. Yao, D.F.T., Percy, M. and Hu, F., 2015. Fair value accounting for non-current assets and audit fees: Evidence from Australian companies.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,11(1), pp.31-45.

How does Dickens presentation of the four ghosts in A Christmas Carol teach both scrooge and his readers a lesson about life Essay Example

How does Dickens presentation of the four ghosts in A Christmas Carol teach both scrooge and his readers a lesson about life? Essay A ghost is a transparent figure of a dead person. In ghost stories we expect graveyards, the darkness, peculiar noises and scary figures/shadows. People are scared of ghosts because they are related with death. We dont know what death feels like so we are scared of what it holds. Dickens was trying to highlight the inequality and injustice of Britain at that time. Most of his novels are set in London and many of his characters are from underprivileged, poor backgrounds. E.g. scrooge exploits Bob Cratchet by making him work for low wages and in bad condition. In the beginning of the novel dickens leaves us in no doubt that scrooge is a very unpleasant man. Scrooge is described as secret, self contained and solitary as an oyster. Dickens describes Marleys ghost as being transparent with death cold eyes he used these descriptions to scare the reader. We will write a custom essay sample on How does Dickens presentation of the four ghosts in A Christmas Carol teach both scrooge and his readers a lesson about life? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How does Dickens presentation of the four ghosts in A Christmas Carol teach both scrooge and his readers a lesson about life? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How does Dickens presentation of the four ghosts in A Christmas Carol teach both scrooge and his readers a lesson about life? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The ghost took off his bandages to get scrooges attention. I wear the chains I forged in life this was a quotation used by Marley to try and make scrooge change his ways. This was intended to scare the reader and make them want to read on. Dickens describes the ghost of Christmas past as a strange figure. Dickens writes contradictory descriptions like a child yet not so like a child as like an old man Dickens continues, for example he writes its hair which hung about its neck and down its back was white, as its with age and yet the face had not a wrinkle in it. Dickens also writes its legs and feet most delicately formed were like these upper members bare. Scrooge is unnerved by this ghost because he is never sure at what he was looking at. The ghost of the Christmas past shows scrooge some of his previous Christmases. The ghost shows scrooges memories of his school days of how he was a lonely boy and his only friends were characters from books. During this memory scrooge learnt his first bit of compassion. Scrooge learnt its awful to be alone at Christmas. The ghost of the Christmas past showed scrooges memory of a huge, happy and exciting Christmas party thrown by his boss. Everyone was invited to the party even poor people. Scrooge spoke very kindly and everyone was enjoying themselves. There were lots of food, drinks, music and dancing. Scrooge learnt from Fezziwig that you can enjoy yourself without a lot of money. The last memory scrooge was shown was his memories of Belle his lost love. Scrooge split up with Belle because he was more interested in love than her. Scrooge learnt that money cant buy you love and money isnt everything. Dickens tries to convey you dont have to be rich to have a good time. The ghost of the Christmas present represents the Christmas spirit. This is first of all shown by his description because there are a lot of Christmassy elements for example clothed in one simple deep green robe on its lead it wore no other covering than a holy wreath The ideas are reinforced more by when they are visited by poor people, the lonely and the ill. The spirit waved his torch as if sprinkling Christmas spirit everywhere which made everyone happier. The spirit takes scrooge to see Bob Cratchets house and his nephew Fred. He learnt that Christmas is about happiness and love. Cratchit is shown he is very good natured because he did a toast called the founder of the feast. This makes scrooge feel guilty because even though he has been horrible to Bob, Bob still toasts him to say thank you for the money. The ghost of the Christmas present shows scrooge ignorance and want. Ignorance represents a lack of understanding and want represents greed. These are both present in scrooge. The ghost warns scrooge that ignorance and want were present in him. Dickens gives a message out to the reader that